Words in Motion: Slurs in Indirect Report

Abstract

Summary Slurs are pejorative epithets that express negative attitudes toward a class of individuals sharing the same race, country of origin, sexual orientation, religion, and the like. The aim of this paper is to show what happens in communication when slurs are reported. It focuses on the derogatory content of such expressions and on the persistence of their performative effects in reported speech. In this respect, the question concerning the attribution of responsibility for the derogatory content conveyed by the slurs is relevant. Indeed, reporting a slur involves quoting not only the content but also the speaker’s personal commitment and (negative) attitude. Different theories on the status of the derogatory component of slurs make different predictions about their offensiveness in reported speech and about the speaker’s “responsibility” for the attitude and feelings conveyed by that word, be she the original speaker or the reporter. The results of a questionnaire show empirically that no single theory can provide a conclusive statement on this matter.

Slurs in Ordinary Language: Their Properties and Developments

“…Morphemes have a variety of other properties aside from phonological, syntactic, and semantic structures, such as etymology, history, region, culture, social relations, and so on (Pullum, 2018, p. 8). Their criminal behavior is based, at least in part, on these cultural-historical characteristics (Tenchini, 2021). So, slurs are used in both Chinese and other languages?…”