Work Hours and CO<sub>2</sub>Emissions: Evidence from U.S. Households

Fremstad, Anders; Paul, Mark; Underwood, Anthony

doi:10.1080/09538259.2019.1592950

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In general, a reduction in CO 2 emissions leads to high job losses, but promotes labor-intensive sectors. In particular, the service sector could achieve a win-win situation for economic development, reduction of environmental degradation and stable employment (Bai et al, 2021), while long working hours for households cause CO 2 emissions and degrade environmental quality in the United States (Fremstad et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Xaisongkham

Liu²

2022

IJOEM

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PurposeThe main purpose of this research is to examine the impact of institutional quality and sectoral employment on environmental degradation in developing countries. This paper also re-examined the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis and estimated the long run impact of explanatory variables on CO2 emissions.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the balanced panel data for the period 2002–2016 was used based on data availability and applied two-step SYS-GMM estimators.FindingsThe results showed that institutional quality such as government effectiveness (GE) and the rule of law (RL) reduce CO2 emissions and promote environmental quality in developing countries. Interestingly, the authors found new evidence that employment in agriculture and industry has a positive impact on pollution, while employment in the service sector was negatively associated with CO2 emissions, and the validity of the EKC hypothesis was confirmed. In addition, the research suggests that strong institutional frameworks and their effective implementation are the most important panacea and should be treated as a top priority to counteract environmental degradation and achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the short run and long run effects of institutional quality and sectoral employment on environmental degradation using the balanced panel data for a large sample of developing countries. This paper also used a special technique of Driscoll and Kraay standard error approach to confirm the robustness results and showed the different roles of sectoral employment on environmental quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Xaisongkham

Liu²

2022

IJOEM

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“…Further, a shift toward a 30 h working week was estimated to significantly reduce energy demand growth and contribute toward achieving climate goals (Nässén and Larsson 2015). In a study in the United States, longer work hours led to larger household carbon footprints and the work-hours elasticity of carbon emissions was estimated to be 0.3% (Fremstad et al 2019). In terms of improving working conditions and workplace productivity, Koohsari et al, investigated workplace layout design and physical activity in the workplace, finding that workplace design may improve physical activity and the avoidance of sedentarism and associated poor health outcomes, especially for those with long working hours, as is the case in Japan (Koohsari et al 2022).…”

Section: Background and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the impact of working arrangements and lifestyle factor importance on environmental consciousness

Chapman

Karmaker

Shigetomi³

2023

Environ. Res. Commun.

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This study investigates the impact of people’s demographics, preferred working arrangements and utilization of their free time on environmental consciousness. Such an investigation is timely because of the changing expectations around working, and the rising popularity of work-from-home arrangements leading to increased flexibility. Although the link between income and environmental impact is well understood, the mediating factors between working arrangements and environmental concerns remain unclear. Through the analysis of a nationally representative survey conducted in Japan, we clarify people’s desire to work shorter hours, subject to the maintenance of income levels, along with a desire to consider revised working arrangements if environmental improvements can be anticipated as a result. One important finding of this research is that those who prioritize their free time for family and friends have a much higher probability of valuing the environment and thus reducing their carbon footprint. These findings have implications for policy design which encourages low impact working arrangements, the sharing economy and a family friendly society.

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“…if annual work-hours decreases are used for highly carbon-intensive leisure activities such as air travel, or if working time reduction for example triggers changes in emissions related to production processes. This highlights the importance of the embeddedness of working time reduction policies in a wider sustainability-focused policy framework of reducing inequality and overconsumption (Fremstad et al 2019;Antal et al 2020). Complementary policies to working time reduction, such as minimum and maximum income corridors would then be necessary to make sure that those in the lower income scale could meet their material needs while limiting overconsumption by the affluent, to stay within planetary boundaries (Fuchs 2019).…”

Section: Work As a Phenomenon -Its Effects On The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

From “Decent work and economic growth” to “Sustainable work and economic degrowth”: a new framework for SDG 8

Kreinin

Aigner

2021

Empirica

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The sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) have successfully raised awareness and built momentum for taking collective action, while also remaining uncritical of the central causes of the environmental crises – economic growth, inequality, and overconsumption in the Global North. We analyse SDG 8 “Decent Work and Economic Growth” from the perspective of strong sustainability – as phenomena, institutions and ideologies – and find that it does not fit the criteria of strong sustainability. Based on this observation, we propose a novel framework for SDG8 in line with strong sustainability and the latest scientific research, “Sustainable Work and Economic Degrowth”, including a first proposal for new sub-goals, targets and indicators. This encompasses an integrated systems approach to achieving the SDGs’ overalls goals – a sustainable future for present and future generations. The key novel contributions of the paper include new indicators to measure societies’ dependence on economic growth, to ensure the provisioning of welfare independent of economic growth.

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Work Hours and CO₂Emissions: Evidence from U.S. Households

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Investigating the impact of working arrangements and lifestyle factor importance on environmental consciousness

From “Decent work and economic growth” to “Sustainable work and economic degrowth”: a new framework for SDG 8

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Work Hours and CO2Emissions: Evidence from U.S. Households

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

Investigating the impact of working arrangements and lifestyle factor importance on environmental consciousness

From “Decent work and economic growth” to “Sustainable work and economic degrowth”: a new framework for SDG 8

Contact Info

Product

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Work Hours and CO₂Emissions: Evidence from U.S. Households