Work, Occupation, Income, and Mortality

Krueger, Patrick M.; Burgard, Sarah A.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9996-9_13

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…For example, there may be workplace rules for when and where employees can smoke, and designated areas for smoking may be far from an office desk, whereas workers can smoke frequently on construction sites. Jobs also may require differential demands and effort while offering differential control and rewards for workers, which have important consequences for health behavior (Krueger and Burgard 2011; Mirowsky and Ross 2003). …”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Lawrence

2017

J Health Soc Behav

125

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College graduates live much healthier lives than those with less education, but research has yet to document with certainty the sources of this disparity. This study examines why U.S. young adults who earn college degrees exhibit healthier behavior than those with less education. I use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), which offers information on education and health behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood (N=14,265). Accounting for selection into college degree attainment substantially reduces the associations between college degree attainment and health behavior, but college degree attainment demonstrates a strong causal effect on young adult health. Financial, occupational, social, cognitive, and psychological resources explain less than half of the association between college degree attainment and health behavior. The healthier behaviors of college graduates are the result of sorting into educational attainment, embedding of human capital, and mechanisms other than socioeconomic and psychosocial resources.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Lawrence

2017

J Health Soc Behav

125

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“…high level of education and upper professional status associated with high income, accumulate for the academicians. Theories on the social differentials in mortality range from selection, material and structural explanations to cultural and behavioural approaches (for an overview see Townsend and Davidson 1982;Valkonen 2001;Krueger and Burgard 2011) and have been extensively discussed for the case of academies of sciences in Andreev et al 2011. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the analysis of mortality of such privileged groups may not only yield an approximation to the potential maximum life expectancy in each historical epoch (Andreev et al 2011) but could also provide insights into social differences in mortality (e.g. Townsend and Davidson 1982;Kunst and Mackenbach 1994;Mackenbach et al 1999;Krueger and Burgard 2011) when combined with estimates for other social groups or national populations at the time. Such a comparison may be used to construct hypotheses about causes of specific diseases and changes in mortality over time (Martelin 1996) as well as on the mechanisms by which socioeconomic status affects mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The longevity of academicians: evidence from the Saxonian Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig

Winkler-Dworak¹,

Kaden²

2014

Populationyearbook

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This study addresses the mortality of the members of the Saxonian Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig. In fact, learned societies have been shown to present vanguard groups in the achievement of longevity. We use biographical records from the members of the Saxonian Academy of Sciences from 1846 to 2010 and compare their mortality to German life table estimates, where particularly attention is paid to the mortality differentials between eastern and western Germany. The Saxonian academicians show indeed a higher life expectancy at age 60 than the general German male population, where the latter gap has been widening since the 1950s. Comparing the life expectancy values for the Saxonian academicians to available estimates of various European learned societies yields a similar longevity, suggesting that the survival of the academicians is less determined by national mortality conditions but that academicians rather share a common health advantage.

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“…More democratic countries may promote higher levels of individual education as a result of greater investments in the educational infrastructure, as described above. By promoting education and the possibility of social and economic advancement through work and entrepreneurship (rather than relying on nepotism or bribes), more democratic countries may support high rates of participation in the paid labor force, improved standards of living, and the acquisition of personal wealth and assets (Krueger & Burgard, 2011). Education, employment, and assets have all been linked to improved health and health behaviors across countries and over time (Huisman et al, 2005; Pampel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Health Democracy and Their Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Democracy and self-rated health across 67 countries: A multilevel analysis

Krueger

Dovel

Denney

2015

Social Science & Medicine

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Existing research has found a positive association between countries’ level of democratic governance and the health of their populations, although that research is limited by the use of data from small numbers of high-income countries or aggregate data that do not assess individual-level health outcomes. We extend prior research by using multilevel World Health Survey (2002-2004) data on 313,554 individuals in 67 countries, and find that the positive association between democratic governance and self-rated health persists after adjusting for both individual- and country-level confounders. However, the mechanisms linking democracy and self-rated health remain unclear. Individual-level measures of socioeconomic status, and country-level measures of economic inequality and investments in public health and education, do not significantly mediate the association between democratic governance and self-rated health. The persistent association between democratic governance and health suggests that the political organization of societies may be an important upstream determinant of population health.

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Work, Occupation, Income, and Mortality

Cited by 31 publications

References 144 publications

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

The longevity of academicians: evidence from the Saxonian Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Leipzig

Democracy and self-rated health across 67 countries: A multilevel analysis

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