Work visas and return migration: how migration policy shapes global talent

Jacobs, Elizabeth

doi:10.1080/1369183x.2020.1857232

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The intersections between international student mobility, recruitment methods of student migration industries and visa regulations have been analysed lately in the European context (Beech, 2018) as well as in the case of return migrants in India (Jacobs, 2020). The strong importance of the international migration of highly educated individuals within the context of differently developed countries and the threat of brain drain has been addressed in the literature on skilled migration, highlighting the benefits of the skilled return migration for developing countries (Findlay and Lowell, 2016).…”

Section: International Student Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining change in migration strategies over the life course of international PhD students

Rakovcová

Drbohlav

2022

Longitudinal and Life Course Studies

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This article examines PhD students’ migration plans and strategies, their development over time, and the circumstances of their potential or real return within the changing life course context. The research is based on a longitudinal qualitative study conducted over six years (2012–17) among 21 international PhD students coming from developing countries, studying in the Netherlands. Results are discussed in the context of a cultural shift and the migration–development nexus. We argue that: (1) strong feelings of responsibility towards both their family and the development of their country of origin are leading factors shaping their migration strategies; (2) specialisation of their research project and its applicability in the home country also importantly influences their return potential; and (3) an apparent moral responsibility towards the home society and a willingness to help countries of migratory origin was growing stronger over the observation time (in harmony with post-materialist values the informants gained when studying in the Netherlands) along the progressing life course, which creates a broad potential for brain gain. Key messages <ul><li>International PhD students from developing countries carry potential for brain gain.</li> <li>Specialisation of the PhD research topic influences their return migration strategies.</li> <li>Willingness to help home countries was growing stronger over the longitudinal observation of the life course.</li></ul>

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Section: International Student Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining change in migration strategies over the life course of international PhD students

Rakovcová

Drbohlav

2022

Longitudinal and Life Course Studies

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“…Such connections could be even strengthened via various modern communication technologies (Malhotra and Ling, 2020). Prior research has shown that some highly educated migrants continuously sent remittances to their families and close friends back home (Gibson and McKenzie, 2011; Uprety and Sylwester, 2017), while others later returned and contributed the acquired skills and knowledge to their origin areas (Chen, 2017; Jacobs, 2022).…”

Section: Literature Review and Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classic assimilation, self-selection and parent status: An analysis of the central–local political trust among highly educated Mainland migrants in Hong Kong

Lam

Zhong

2023

Asian and Pacific Migration Journal

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Prior research overlooks highly educated migrants and their political incorporation in host societies. This study applies both classic assimilation and self-selection theories to understand political trust among highly educated migrants from Mainland China in Hong Kong, including their trust toward local (host society) and central (home society) governments. We also address the possibility of selective assimilation adopted by migrant parents as risk-reducing strategies. Based on a survey of highly educated Mainland migrants in Hong Kong ( n = 2,884), our results show partial support for both theories. Migrants’ political trust is influenced by both their post-migration political exposure and their pre-migration political attitudes. Moreover, migrant parents tend to remain bicultural, showing more positive attitudes toward both governments in host and home societies.

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“…This programme lacks sponsorship in certain industries and, moreover, special extensions for application are offered to those who gain STEM degrees in US academic institutions. Resultingly, according to Jacobs (2022), the programme has disproportionately incentivized Indian citizen students in the United States to become specialists in one of the STEM fields. On the other hand, Jacobs also found that once these students secure employment, the temporal restriction of the programme constrains their skill cultivation because it discourages employers from making long-term investments in H1-B workers.…”

Section: The Social ( and E S Pecially S Tate ) Cons Truc Tion Of " S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last strategy is the provision of skilling support for international students to help them find employment. Jacobs (2022) stressed that the host state can partly shape the skill development of potential migrants by incentivizing them to acquire a specific set of skills to increase their chances of obtaining a work visa. Considering the influence of the host state on the skilling of potential migrants, when it actively hopes to retain foreign graduates, the state might intervene in their skilling more directly; namely rather than solely incentivizing them, the host state may encourage and support potential migrants to gain skills that enhance their chances of obtaining visas.…”

Section: The Social (And Especially State) Construction Of “Skilled” ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How does post‐study employment policy for international students create “skilled” migrants? The case of Japan

Mazumi

2023

International Migration

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The recent literature on skilled migration has addressed the socially constructed nature of the notion and category of “skilled” migrants, revealing the roles of the host state and its admission policy in shaping these migrants. This article adds to the literature by examining how the host state can also socially (or politically) create “skilled” migrants through policy that facilitates the post‐study employment of international students. The extant research on the social construction of skill and skilled migration informs the hypothesizing of three strategic ways in which host states seek to retain international students who may otherwise be excluded from the host labour market after graduation: (1) the creation of new work permits, (2) the discretionary relaxing of criteria for issuing work visas and (3) the provision of skilling support for finding employment. The case of Japan empirically validates all these strategies and indicates the particular significance of the second strategy.

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Work visas and return migration: how migration policy shapes global talent

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Examining change in migration strategies over the life course of international PhD students

Examining change in migration strategies over the life course of international PhD students

Classic assimilation, self-selection and parent status: An analysis of the central–local political trust among highly educated Mainland migrants in Hong Kong

How does post‐study employment policy for international students create “skilled” migrants? The case of Japan

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