Worker sorting, compensating differentials and health insurance: Evidence from displaced workers

Abstract

This article introduces an empirical strategy to the compensating differentials literature that (i) allows both individual observed and unobserved characteristics to be rewarded differently in firms based on health insurance provision, and (ii) selection to jobs that provide benefits to operate on both sides of the labor market. Estimates of this model are used to directly test empirical assumptions that are made with popular econometric strategies in the health economics literature. Our estimates reject the assumptions underlying numerous cross sectional and longitudinal estimators. We find that the provision of health insurance has influenced wage inequality. Finally, our results suggest there have been substantial changes in how displaced workers sort to firms that offer health insurance benefits over the past two decades. We discuss the implications of our findings for the compensating differentials literature.

Educational Attainment and Nonwage Labor Market Returns in the United States

“…In the face of a shrinking social safety net and increased variety of fringe benefits (including medical, dental, retirement, and stock options), workers increasingly view benefits as compensation that can improve their quality of life (Bloom & Trahan, 2016; Freeman & Rogers, 2006). Individuals demand benefits from employers through their decisions about which jobs to take (Blank, 1985; Lehrer & Pereira, 2007; Monheit & Vistnes, 1999) and participation in unions, which has been increasing among white-collar workers (Dew, 2018; U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2018, 2019).…”