Working memory dysfunctions predict social problem solving skills in schizophrenia

Huang, Jia; Tan, Shuping; Walsh, Sarah Caitlin; Spriggens, Lauren K.; Neumann, David L.; Shum, David; Chan, Raymond C. K.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.043

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…To summarize, when comparing chronically ill people with schizophrenia to healthy controls, only two of the 22 studies that examined sex differences provided evidence that women with schizophrenia outperform men on FEP tasks. From our PubMed search of more recent studies not included in the meta-analyses, a total of 16 of the 20 studies that examined adults with chronic schizophrenia either did not report on sex differences or controlled for sex in their FEP analyses [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] , with one study including an all-male sample [68] . Of the remaining four studies, three studies did not find sex differences on an FEP identification task [69][70][71] .…”

Section: Adults With Chronic Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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AIM:To review the literature on sex differences in facial emotion perception (FEP) across the schizophrenia spectrum. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of empirical articles that were included in five separate meta-analyses of FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, including meta-analyses that predominantly examined adults with chronic schizophrenia, people with early (onset prior to age 18) or recent-onset (experiencing their first or second psychotic episode or illness duration less than 2 years) schizophrenia, and unaffected first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. We also examined articles written in English (from November 2011 through June 2015) that were not included in the aforementioned metaanalyses through a literature search in the PubMed database. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. We examined all studies to determine the sample sizes, diagnostic characteristics, demographic information, methodologies, results, and whether each individual study reported on sex differences. The results from the meta-analyses themselves as well as the individual studies are reported in tables and text. RESULTS:We retrieved 134 articles included in five separate meta-analyses and the PubMed database that examined FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum. Of these articles, 38 examined sex differences in FEP. Thirty of these studies did not find sex differences in FEP in either chronically ill adults with schizophrenia, early-onset or recently diagnosed people with schizophrenia, or first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. Of the eight studies that found sex differences in FEP, three found that chronically ill women outperformed men, one study found that girls with early-onset schizophrenia outperformed boys, and two studies found that women (including first-degree relatives, adults with schizophrenia, and the healthy control group) outperformed men on FEP tasks. In total, six of the eight studies that examined sex differences in FEP found that women outperformed men across the SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS Core tip: People with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in facial emotion perception (FEP) compared to healthy controls. These deficits are associated with poorer functioning and more severe symptoms. Although the literature to date suggests that there are few sex differences in FEP in schizophrenia, continued assessment of sex differences in FEP can help researchers and clinicians better understand other sex differences in the disorder and assist in treatment development aimed at improving functioning in people with schizophrenia. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the literature on FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, focusing on the evidence related to sex differences in FEP.Mote J, Kring AM. Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter? World J Psychiatr 2016; 6(2): 257-268

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Section: Adults With Chronic Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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“…Moreover, social problem solving skills have produced positive behaviour and social competence and reduce negative behaviour such as conduct problems, Social Problem-Solving Skills in Children: An Exploratory Study aggressive behaviour, stress etc. (Dubow, Tisak, Hrvshko & Reid, 1991;Biggam & Power, 1999;Pakaslahti, Karjalainen, & Keltikangas-Jarvinen, 2002;Eskin, Savk, Uslu & Kucukaydogan, 2014;Coker et al 2014;Huang et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Problem-Solving Skills In Children: an Exploratory Study

Kaur¹

2018

JASRAE

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Background: Social problem-solving skills have been identified as being crucial to social competency which is related to successful life adjustment. Researcher supported the idea that knowledge and use of social problem-solving skills are important aspects of mental health and behavioural adjustment. Therefore the need to explore social problem-solving skills arises as it has psychological and behavioural concern for the children well-being. Aim: The objective of the present study is to explore social problem-solving skills in children while they face real-life problem situations. In addition, it explored the problem-solving styles followed by the children. Method: The study employed an exploratory research design to explore social problem-solving skills in children. Data was collected with the help of interview method. The region selected for the study belongs to government schools of Mohali, Punjab. Seventh-grade children remained the subject under study. Results: Results revealed that children are impulsive and reactive to the problem situations which indicated poor problem-solving skills in children. Children believed to follow impulsive and avoidance approach to the real-life problems rather than employing a rational approach and finding the best solutions to the problem. Conclusion: The qualitative data analysis revealed children are very impulsive and aggressive in their approach while facing any problematic situation in school and at home.

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“…Consistent with previous studies ( 19 , 20 ), the schizophrenia patients showed global cognitive deficits, with those for some domains (e.g., attention and processing speed) being more severe compared to high-risk subjects. Among these deficits, working memory impairment, which exists prior to the onset of psychosis ( 19 , 20 ), is considered a central cognitive impairment in schizophrenia that is associated with a range of clinical characteristics [e.g., both positive ( 53 ) and negative ( 54 ) symptomatology and social deficits ( 55 )]. While candidate neural circuits for working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia include the frontal-striatal-thalamic systems, particularly those involving the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( 54 , 56 ), there is also neuroendocrine evidence that abnormal HPA axis function (i.e., flattened diurnal cortisol slope) is associated with working memory deficits in the early stages of psychosis ( 57 ) and that higher levels of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA), an HPA-related hormone that counteracts the negative effects of cortisol in the brain ( 58 ), are associated with better working memory performance in schizophrenia ( 59 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Volume and Socio-Cognitive Functions in Individuals at Risk of Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

et al. 2018

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Objectives: Increased pituitary volume, which probably reflects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hyperactivity, has been reported in patients with schizophrenia and individuals at risk of psychosis. On the basis of potential role of abnormal HPA axis function on cognitive impairments in psychosis, we aimed to examine possible relations between the pituitary volume and socio-cognitive impairments in these subjects.Methods: This magnetic resonance imaging study examined the pituitary gland volume in 38 subjects with at-risk mental state (ARMS) [of whom 4 (10.5%) exhibited the transition to schizophrenia], 63 patients with schizophrenia, and 61 healthy controls. Social and cognitive functions of the ARMS and schizophrenia groups were assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS).Results: Both the ARMS and schizophrenia groups had a significantly larger pituitary volume compared to controls. In the schizophrenia group, the pituitary volume was negatively associated with the BACS working memory score. No association was found between the pituitary volume and clinical variables (medication, symptom severity) in either clinical group.Conclusion: Our findings support the notion of common HPA hyperactivity in the ARMS and schizophrenia groups, but abnormal HPA axis function may contribute differently to cognitive deficits according to the illness stages of schizophrenia.

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Working memory dysfunctions predict social problem solving skills in schizophrenia

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Social Problem-Solving Skills In Children: an Exploratory Study

Pituitary Volume and Socio-Cognitive Functions in Individuals at Risk of Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

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