Working Memory Impairments in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis.

Lee, Jung‐Hee; Park, Sohee

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.4.599

Cited by 700 publications

(586 citation statements)

References 148 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

513

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There is relatively little evidence that WM deficits can be unambiguously attributed to dysfunction in either the verbal or visual-spatial buffer systems, as individuals with schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities on WM tasks with many different material types, with relatively little evidence for selective deficits for one material type over another (5,44). This has led to the suggestion that WM deficits in schizophrenia might primarily reflect deficits in the central executive resource system, or the active maintenance and manipulation of information over time, an interpretation consistent with a central role for deficits in the proactive control of behavior.…”

Section: Working Memory In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decades of research have provided robust evidence of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders. Individuals with schizophrenia appear to be impaired on the majority of neuropsychological tasks, leading some researchers to argue for a "generalized deficit", in which the multitude of cognitive impairments are the result of a common neurobiological source. One such common mechanism may be an inability to actively represent goal information in working memory as a means to guide behavior, with the associated neurobiological impairment being a disturbance in the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Here, we provide a discussion of the evidence for such impairment in schizophrenia, and how it manifests in domains typically referred to as cognitive control, working memory and episodic memory. We also briefly discuss cognitive impairment in affective psychoses, reporting that the degree of impairment is worse in schizophrenia than in bipolar disorder and psychotic major depression, but the profile of impairment is similar, possibly reflecting common mechanisms at the neural level. Given the recent release of the DSM-5, we end with a brief discussion on assessing cognition in the context of diagnosis and treatment planning in psychotic disorders.

show abstract

Section: Working Memory In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many studies have focused on understanding cognitive control deficits in schizophrenia, an even larger amount of research has been devoted to the cognitive neuroscience of WM (43), leading to an overwhelming amount of evidence in support of WM impairments in schizophrenia (e.g., 5,44).…”

Section: Working Memory In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among hierarchically inter-related cognitive dysfunctions associated with schizophrenia (Millan et al 2012), perhaps the best studied is working memory (Park and Holzman 1992, Lee and Park 2005, Lewis and Gonzalez-Burgos 2006, Barch and Ceaser 2012. Working memory, the brain's ability to encode and sustain the neural representation of information in the absence of direct sensory stimulation and to manipulate this information in the service of future action, is a core cognitive function that depends on the PFC (Fuster 2008, GoldmanRakic 1995, D'Esposito 2007, Baddeley 2012.…”

Section: Biophysically-based Neural Circuit Modeling: Understanding Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Psychiatry

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia arise from abnormalities in brain systems that underlie cognitive, emotional and social functions. The brain is enormously complex and its abundant feedback loops on multiple scales preclude intuitive explication of circuit functions. In close interplay with experiments, theory and computational modeling are essential for understanding how, precisely, neural circuits generate flexible behaviors and their impairments give rise to psychiatric symptoms. This Perspective highlights recent progress in applying computational neuroscience to the study of mental disorders. We outline basic approaches, including identification of core deficits that cut across disease categories, biologically-realistic modeling bridging cellular and synaptic mechanisms with behavior, model-aided diagnosis. The need for new research strategies in psychiatry is urgent. Computational psychiatry potentially provides powerful tools for elucidating pathophysiology that may inform both diagnosis and treatment. To achieve this promise will require investment in cross-disciplinary training and research in this nascent field. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Neither Dr. Wang nor Dr. Krystal has any financial interests relevant to the advancement of computational psychiatry. to and engage with psychiatric research. Second, it will be important to develop a cadre of young psychiatrists who learn computational modeling, lest computational psychiatry.

show abstract

“…This study was designed to further investigate biological mechanisms underlying performance changes from intensive cognitive training in working memory, a cognitive domain impaired in patients with schizophrenia (Glahn et al, 2005a;Lee and Park, 2005). A group, random-effects analysis was used to evaluate the pattern of functional changes among cognitively trained patients compared with an active control condition, included to reduce confounds related to increased treatment, social contact, motivation or allegiance during testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Cortical Changes Following Cognitive Training in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: Effects of Practice, Generalization, and Specificity

Haut

Lim

MacDonald

2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

153

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cognitive training is increasingly used in the treatment of schizophrenia, but it remains unknown how this training affects functional neuroanatomy. Practice on specific cognitive tasks generally leads to automaticity and decreased prefrontal cortical activity, yet broadbased cognitive training programs may avoid automaticity and increase prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. This study used quasirandomized, placebo-control design and pre/post neuroimaging to examine functional plasticity associated with attention and working memory-focused cognitive training in patients with schizophrenia. Twenty-one participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder split into two demographically and performance matched groups (nine scanned per group) and nine control participants were tested 6-8 weeks apart. Compared with both patient controls and healthy controls, patients receiving cognitive training increased activation significantly more in attention and working memory networks, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate and frontopolar cortex. The extent to which activity increased in a subset of these regions predicted performance improvements. Although this study was not designed to speak to the efficacy of cognitive training as a treatment, it is the first study to show that such training can increase the ability of patients to activate the PFC regions subserving attention and working memory.

show abstract

Working Memory Impairments in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis.

Cited by 700 publications

References 148 publications

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

Cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: common mechanisms and measurement

Computational Psychiatry

Prefrontal Cortical Changes Following Cognitive Training in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: Effects of Practice, Generalization, and Specificity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About