Working Memory Updating Function Training Influenced Brain Activity

Zhao, Xiaojie; Zhou, Renlai; Fu, Li

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071063

Cited by 53 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The functional significance of P3 amplitude in working memory tasks is not yet fully understood. Some authors have suggested that P3 amplitude reflects the process of classifying task-relevant stimuli [ 45 ] whereas others have suggested that it reflects the updating of current information in working memory [ 46 , 49 , 74 ]. In particular, Kim et al [ 75 ] proposed that a larger P3 amplitude and shorter P3 latency in response to congruent stimuli than in response to incongruent stimuli on the n -back task is indicative of the updating of information or of the decision-making process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An event-related potential study of spatial working memory in binge drinking college students

Park

Kim

2018

PLoS ONE

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This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) and a modified spatial 2-back task to investigate spatial working memory in binge drinking (BD) college students. Based on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-K) and Alcohol Use Questionnaire (AUQ) scores, participants were assigned into BD (n = 25) and non-BD (n = 25) groups. The modified spatial 2-back task includes congruent, incongruent, and lure conditions and participants are required to respond as rapidly and accurately as possible to the congruent stimuli but not to the incongruent and lure stimuli. The BD and non-BD groups exhibited comparable performances on the spatial 2-back task but the BD group showed significantly larger P3 amplitudes than the non-BD group. Additionally, the non-BD group showed larger P3 amplitudes in response to the congruent stimuli compared to the incongruent and lure stimuli whereas the P3 amplitudes in the BD group did not differ significantly among the three conditions. These results indicate that the BD individuals exerted greater effort to maintain performance levels comparable to non-BD individuals and that they were less efficient in differentiating or allocating attentional resources between relevant and irrelevant information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An event-related potential study of spatial working memory in binge drinking college students

Park

Kim

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Although this study documented functional brain differences related to family income at around age 14, there is considerable evidence that substantial brain plasticity occurs at this and older ages. Training on WM and other executive functions, such as selective attention, alters performance, evoked brain activation, the connectivity of intrinsic brain networks and white matter pathways, and the timing of brain responses as measured with event‐related potentials across as little as 4 to 5 weeks of training (Kundu, Sutterer, Emrich & Postle, ; Olesen, Westerberg & Klingberg, ; Takeuchi, Sekiguchi, Taki, Yokoyama, Yomogida et al ., ; Takeuchi, Taki, Nouchi, Hashizume, Sekiguchi et al ., ; Westerberg & Klingberg, ; Zhao, Zhou & Fu, ) and even across two sessions with direct neural feedback in the scanner (Zhang, Yao, Zhang, Long & Zhao, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional brain organization of working memory in adolescents varies in relation to family income and academic achievement

Finn

Minas

Leonard

et al. 2016

Developmental Science

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Working memory (WM) capacity reflects executive functions associated with performance on a wide range of cognitive tasks and education outcomes, including mathematics achievement, and is associated with dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. Here we asked if family income is associated with variation in the functional brain organization of WM capacity among adolescents, and whether that variation is associated with performance on a statewide test of academic achievement in mathematics. Participants were classified into higher-income and lower-income groups based on family income, and performed a WM task with a parametric manipulation of WM load (N-back task) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Behaviorally, the higher-income group had greater WM capacity and higher mathematics achievement scores. Neurally, the higher-income group showed greater activation as a function of WM load in bilateral prefrontal, parietal, and other regions, although the lower-income group exhibited greater activation at the lowest load. Both groups exhibited positive correlations between parietal activations and mathematics achievement scores, but only the higher-income group exhibited a positive correlation between prefrontal activations and mathematics scores. Most of these findings were maintained when higher- and lower-income groups were matched on WM task performance or nonverbal IQ. Findings indicate that the functional neural architecture of WM varies with family income and is associated with education measures of mathematics achievement.

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“…The fronto-central P200 occurs with a latency around 200 ms, and is proposed to reflect processes involved in selective attention (Hillyard, Hink, Schwent, & Picton, 1973), executive attention ( Zhao, Zhou, & Fu, 2013) , stimulus classification ( García-Larrea, Lukaszewicz, & Mauguiére, 1992), STS (Dunn, Dunn, Languis, & Andrews, 1998) and intelligence (Lijffijt et al, 2009). The P300 component elicited at approximately 300ms post-stimulus by WM tasks ( e. g. , n-back) is proposed to index brain activities underlying fundamental attention, context updating and cognitive control processes ( Scharinger, Soutschek, Schubert, & Gerjets, 2017;Sumich et al, 2008;Polich, 2007;Watter, Geffen, & Geffen, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in working memory and general intelligence indexed by P200 and P300: A latent variable model

Wongupparaj

Sumich

Wickens

et al. 2018

Biological Psychology

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A robust relationship between working memory (WM) and general intelligence (g) has been well established. Nevertheless, explanations for this relationship in terms of underlying neurocognitive processes are still inadequate. This study addresses this issue using an individual differences approach in which Central Executive System (CES) and Short-Term Storage (STS) c o m p o n e n t s of WM are measured comprehensively and examined for their relationship with g via event-related potentials components (P200 and P300) as mediators. Participants (n=115) completed tests of the WM, CES and STS, as well as g. P200 and P300 components were recorded d u r i n g 3-back WM task performance. Structural equation modelling showed significant negative associations between the P200 latency for target stimuli a n d CES shifting processes, and between the P300 amplitude for target stimuli and CES inhibition and updating processes. The relationship between CES processes and g was mediated in a localized fashion by the P300 amplitude. These findings further support the notion that the CES has a multidimensional structure and, importantly, reveal that the inhibition and updating functions of the CES are crucial in explaining the relationship between WM and g. Negative relations between ERP indices (P200 latency and P300 amplitude for target stimuli) and g support a neural efficiency hypothesis related to high intelligence.

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Working Memory Updating Function Training Influenced Brain Activity

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

An event-related potential study of spatial working memory in binge drinking college students

An event-related potential study of spatial working memory in binge drinking college students

Functional brain organization of working memory in adolescents varies in relation to family income and academic achievement

Individual differences in working memory and general intelligence indexed by P200 and P300: A latent variable model

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