Working Towards Gender and Racial Diversity in Pediatric Residency Programs in the United States

Saboor, Sundas; Sattar, Naveed; Safdar, Beenish; Chaudhary, Amna Mohyud Din; Khan, Sonia; Khosa, Faisal

doi:10.7759/cureus.21633

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“… 32 Additionally, it has been reported that female representation increased by 13.27% compared with +14.77% for men from 2007 to 2021, especially in pediatric residency programs. 33 Similarly, pediatricians in the US now comprise 63% women. 34 , 35 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with other surgical subspecialties, orthopedic surgery showed the lowest representation of racial minorities. 40 Additionally, Saboor et al 33 investigated the sex and racial and ethnic profiles of pediatric residents from 2011 to 2021. Those authors noted a large increase in the Asian (Pacific Islander) group by +58.42%, followed by Black (non-Hispanic) +45.24%, White (non-Hispanic) +43.37%, and Hispanic +42.18% groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Additionally, it has been reported that female representation increased by 13.27% compared with þ14.77% for men from 2007 to 2021, especially in pediatric residency programs. 33 Similarly, pediatricians in the US now comprise 63% women. 34,35 In contrast to those reports, studies conducted on residency programs such as orthopedics continue to report an underrepresentation of women within their workforce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis of residency program application and acceptance according to sex, race and ethnicity

Marchand,

Arroyo,

Moir

et al. 2024

J Int Med Res

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Objective We aimed to investigate trends in residency program application and acceptance rates according to sex and race and ethnicity. Methods We collected data from the Journal of the American Medical Association Graduation Medical Education Reports. We extracted the data for 25 residency programs in the United States from 2005 to 2021 and conducted statistical analyses. Results Men were most matched for orthopedics (84.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 84.2%–85.1%), and women for oncology (78.7%, 95% CI 78.2%–79.2%). The most matched program was orthopedics for the White subgroup (43.5%, 95% CI 43.2%–43.9%), radiology for the Black subgroup (20%, 95% CI 18.9%–20.9%), general surgery for the Hispanic subgroup (11%, 95% CI 10.7%–11.2%), and internal medicine for the Asian subgroup (35.3%, 95% CI 34.9%–35.6%). Conclusion Match rates for women were lower than those for men in all programs except psychiatry, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, and dermatology. Match rates were significantly lower for Black, Hispanic, and Asian subgroups than the White subgroup in all programs except for internal medicine, with the Asian subgroup being higher. We observed a significant increase in both application and acceptance rates for women and racial and ethnic minorities over the past 40 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis of residency program application and acceptance according to sex, race and ethnicity

Marchand,

Arroyo,

Moir

et al. 2024

J Int Med Res

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The Heart of the Matter: A Path to Building Diversity in Pediatric Cardiology

et al. 2023

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The need for critical and intersectional approaches to equity efforts in postgraduate medical education: A critical narrative review

Lam,

Coret,

Khalil

et al. 2024

Medical Education

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BackgroundRacialised trainees in Canada and the USA continue to disproportionately experience discrimination and harassment in learning environments despite equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) reform efforts. Using critical approaches to understand what problems have been conceptualised and operationalised as EDI issues within postgraduate medical education (PGME) is important to inform ongoing learning environment reform in resident training.MethodsWe conducted a critical narrative review of EDI literature from 2009–2022 using critical race theory (CRT) and the concept of intersectionality to analyse how issues of discrimination in PGME have been studied. Our search yielded 2244 articles that were narrowed down to 349 articles for relevance to Canadian and American PGME contexts. We attended to reflexivity and our positionality in analysing the database and identifying themes related to EDI reform.ResultsInterest convergence was noted in how EDI reform was rationalised primarily by increased productivity. Problems of learner representation, gender inequities and curricular problems were conceptualised as EDI issues. The role that racism played in EDI‐related problems was largely invisible, as were explicit conceptualisations of race and gender as social constructs. Overall, there was a lack of critical or intersectional approaches in the literature reviewed. Misalignment was noted where studies would frame a problem through a critical lens, but then study the problem without attention to power.DiscussionInterest convergence and epistemic injustice can account for the absence of critical approaches due to the alignment of existing EDI work with institutional interests and priorities. Interest convergence conceptually limits existing EDI reform efforts in PGME. CRT and intersectionality connect racialised learner experiences to systemic phenomena like racism and other forms of discrimination to challenge dominant assumptions. Because they attend to power, critical approaches are key to understanding why inequities have persisted to advance equity in learning environments for racialised and intersectionally marginalised learners.

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Working Towards Gender and Racial Diversity in Pediatric Residency Programs in the United States

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Meta-analysis of residency program application and acceptance according to sex, race and ethnicity

Meta-analysis of residency program application and acceptance according to sex, race and ethnicity

The Heart of the Matter: A Path to Building Diversity in Pediatric Cardiology

The need for critical and intersectional approaches to equity efforts in postgraduate medical education: A critical narrative review

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