Working under pressure: Evidence from the impacts of soccer fans on players’ performance

Braga, Breno; Guillen, Diogo

doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2011.10.017

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Similarly, Colella, Dalton and Giusti (2018) find that away teams in Argentinian professional soccer lose with a higher probability and more decisively without a supportive crowd. In contrast, Braga and Guillén (2012) use data from the Brazilian Soccer Championships 2006 and find no significant effect of pressure on performance. Epting et al (2011) suggest that undergraduate basketball players, who do not have the same financial incentives as professional players, do not have a lower free throw conversion rate when they are exposed to supportive, discouraging or neutral audiences.…”

Section: Psychological Theory and Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 84%

Choking under pressure – Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Böheim

Grübl

Lackner

2019

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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We analyze performance under pressure and estimate the causal effect of audience size on the success of free throws in top-level professional basketball. We use data from the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the seasons 2007/08 through 2015/16. We exploit the exogenous variation in weather conditions on game day to establish a causal link between attendance size and performance. Our results confirm a sizeable and strong negative effect of the number of spectators on performance. Home teams in (non-critical) situations at the beginning of games perform worse when the audience is larger. This result is consistent with the theory of a home choke rather than a home field advantage. Our results have potentially large implications for general questions of workplace design and help to further understand how the social environment affects performance. We demonstrate that the amount of support, i.e. positive feedback, from a friendly audience does affect performance.

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Section: Psychological Theory and Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 84%

Choking under pressure – Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Böheim

Grübl

Lackner

2019

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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“…vii Some studies present the third possibility. Braga and Guillén (2012) use data from the Brazilian Soccer Championships 2006 and find no significant effect of pressure on performance. Geir (2009) shows that star players react more strongly to pressure than players with lower status in international soccer penalty shootouts.…”

Section: Review Of the Economics And Social Psychology Literaturementioning

confidence: 98%

Choking or excelling under pressure: Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Jane

2021

Bulletin of Econ Res

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Performing in front of a crowd increases motivation.However, it also creates a psychological pressure, which may hinder performance, especially in precision tasks in decisive situations, such as assessment tests, job-related talks, or sports competitions. In this paper, I shed light on the effects of pressure on performance. Using the task of batting in baseball competitions involving Major League Baseball regular season games from 2015 to 2018, I find evidence of a negative causal effect of audience size on the probability of a successful bat for all players. The results are in line with the hypothesis of choking under pressure when performing skill-based tasks. However, contrary to what would be expected given the evidence in favor of a choking phenomenon, star batters do not choke but instead tend to excel when facing large audience. They also behave differently from nonstar batters when facing different audience compositions.

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“…The same holds for our analysis: racers' physical attractiveness is not related to racers' ability or probability of winning. However, attractiveness causes spectators to support and expect 19 Attendance in games does not influence the professional football players' performance (Braga and Guillen 2012).…”

Section: Fixed-effects IV Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 19 Attendance in games does not influence the professional football players’ performance (Braga and Guillen 2012 ). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Racers’ attractive looks, popularity, and performance: how do speedboat racers react to fans’ expectations?

Yamamura

Hayashi

Tsutsui

et al. 2020

JER

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Using a large sample of individual-level records in Japan speedboat racing where men and women racers participate, we investigated how racers’ performance meets fans’ pre-race expectations. To control for endogeneity bias, we measured the order of racers’ attractiveness randomly determined in each race and then used this order as instrument for measuring racers’ popularity. The fixed-effects IV estimations revealed the following. (1) Racers who are more attractive than their competitors tend to be more popular even after controlling for the condition of the race, racer ability, and other characteristics. (2) More popular men show better performance in the race even if the reward does not vary according to popularity; such tendency is not observed for women. This study contributes a novel setting for determining the expectation-enhancing effects of physical attractiveness.

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Working under pressure: Evidence from the impacts of soccer fans on players’ performance

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Choking under pressure – Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Choking under pressure – Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Choking or excelling under pressure: Evidence of the causal effect of audience size on performance

Racers’ attractive looks, popularity, and performance: how do speedboat racers react to fans’ expectations?

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