Working with the inner critic: Process features and pathways to change

Stinckens, Nele; Lietaer, Germain; Leijssen, Mia

doi:10.1080/14779757.2013.767747

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…One example of how to do this would be taking into account -and delineating in their emotional implications -the different inner voices related to self-criticism (Greenberg, 2002;Stinckens, Lietaer & Leijssen, 2013).…”

Section: Clinical Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of maladaptive anger in self-criticism: A quasi-experimental study on emotional processes

Kramer

Pascual‐Leone

2015

Counselling Psychology Quarterly

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The present study examines the role of emotion in the self-critical process of individuals with anger problems. Self-criticism is a prevalent intra-personal feature which greatly impacts an individual's emotion. So far, it is unclear, which emotions individuals with maladaptive anger experience when they work through their self-criticism. Using a quasi-experimental design, the present study compared n = 23 anger-prone under-graduate students to n = 22 controls on process indices of contempt, fear, shame, anger, and global distress, as well as on their access to underlying need, as participants were working through personalized self-critical content.This was achieved using a single-session enactment from emotion-focused therapy, augmented with a standardized procedure for priming participants to focus on their unmet needs. Findings suggested that this work on self-criticism reduced for both groups distress, fear and shame, as well as increased assertive anger (McNemar tests significant at p = .05). More centrally, anger-prone individuals expressed more self-contempt (t(1, 44) = 3.65; p < .05), and they had more difficulty in accessing their underlying need (χ2 = 5.35; p < .05), when compared to controls. These results have implications for clinical work with angerprone individuals, and clarify key features in the use of enactment interventions when working towards emotional resolution. The present study also demonstrates the use of personalized stimuli in the context of clinically relevant quasi-experimental research on emotional processes.

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Section: Clinical Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of maladaptive anger in self-criticism: A quasi-experimental study on emotional processes

Kramer

Pascual‐Leone

2015

Counselling Psychology Quarterly

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“…In certain ways, these stern self‐critical remarks seem similar to what is referred to in the literature as the inner critic (e.g., Stinckens, Lietaer, & Leijssen, , ): “The inner critic symbolizes the strict, inner normative voice that interferes with the individual's organismic experiencing process.” (Stinckens et al., , p. 59). The inner critic usually presents itself in a characterizing way: It is not nuanced, stern, and sometimes really devastating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

What Novice Family Therapists Experience During a Session… A Qualitative Study of Novice Therapists' Inner Conversations During the Session

Frediani¹,

Rober²

2016

J Marital Family Therapy

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"What do novice family therapists experience during a session with a couple or family?" This is the central question in this article. A videotape-assisted recall procedure was used to study novice family therapists' inner conversations. The therapists' reflections were analyzed using thematic analysis. This resulted in a coding system that distinguishes four main domains: (a) reflections concerning the self; (b) reflections about the therapy process; (c) reflections on emotions about the family members; and (d) managing the session as well as own emotions. The study furthermore revealed that during a session, novice family therapists experience strong emotions, such as self-criticism and irritation. Both emotions may encompass dangers, as well as opportunities for the therapeutic alliance and the process.

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“…T1: I hear that something in you is very angry at yourself. In this excerpt, the therapist didn't judge Diana's punitive voice or her inner critic (Stinckens, Lietaer, & Leijssen, 2013) when it felt the need to speak (T1). At the same time, he encouraged Diana to explore why a part of herself felt the need to punish (T2).…”

Section: Psychotherapy As a Different Answer Toward The Existential Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Growth During Incarceration: A Case Study From an Experiential–Existential Perspective

Vanhooren

Leijssen

Dezutter

2015

Journal of Humanistic Psychology

Self Cite

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Life after a traumatic experience is never easy. This is certainly the case for victims. For many offenders, committing a crime might be a traumatic experience as well, and incarceration may confront them even more with the consequences of their deeds. Humanistic therapies are very suitable for encouraging clients to embark on an explicit meaning-making process. In this article, we explore with a case study how experiential-existential therapy can foster meaning making and posttraumatic growth in prisoners. With Diana, we started with identifying her global meanings, which had been threatened by her own actions. The therapy offered her a safe nonjudgmental space where she could learn to explore all aspects of the crime she committed and its consequences. By processing her past in an experiential mode, she generated new meanings about herself, about others and about the meaning and purpose of her own life. Diana found new ways to meet her basic existential needs. She developed a more nuanced set of meanings and a richer pallet of coping skills that enable her to live her life in a more meaningful and in a better adjusted way.

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Working with the inner critic: Process features and pathways to change

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

The role of maladaptive anger in self-criticism: A quasi-experimental study on emotional processes

The role of maladaptive anger in self-criticism: A quasi-experimental study on emotional processes

What Novice Family Therapists Experience During a Session… A Qualitative Study of Novice Therapists' Inner Conversations During the Session

Posttraumatic Growth During Incarceration: A Case Study From an Experiential–Existential Perspective

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