Workload variation, intrinsic risk and utility in a simulated air traffic control task: Evidence for compensatory effects

Desmond, Paula A.; Hoyes, Thomas W.

doi:10.1016/0925-7535(96)00008-2

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The concept of MW has become a dominant issue for all kinds of industry after 1960s (Kum et al, 2007). MW has been considered an important factor in human performance in complex systems and both under-stimulation as well as mental overload is associated with decreased performance (Lysaght et al, 1989), increased errors (Desmond and Hoyes, 1996) and decreased operator wellbeing (Johnson and Widyanti, 2011). With the rapid development of technology, complex work systems have progressed, in which operators must adapt their decision-making and performance in the face of dynamic, ever-changing environments, concurrent task demands, time pressure, and tactical constraints (Moray, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mental workload of city traffic control operators while monitoring traffic density: A field study

Fallahi

Motamedzade

Heidarimoghadam

et al. 2016

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mental workload of city traffic control operators while monitoring traffic density: A field study

Fallahi

Motamedzade

Heidarimoghadam

et al. 2016

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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“…Conversely, Desmond and Hoyes (1996) concluded that a decrease in performance at low levels of demand might be due to a failure to mobilise effort appropriately to match the task. More recently, Wickens, Xu, Helleberg and Marsh (2001) suggested effort conservation as the explanation as to why pilots in a simulated aviation task actually devoted more visual attention to an instrument panel when the task was easier.…”

Section: Malleable Attentional Resources Theory (Mart)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Malleable Attentional Resources Theory: A New Explanation for the Effects of Mental Underload on Performance

Young¹,

2002

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This paper proposes a new theory to account for the effects of underload on performance.Malleable attentional resources theory posits that attentional capacity can change size in response to changes in task demands. As such, the performance decrements associated with mental underload can be explained by a lack of appropriate attentional resources.These proposals were explored in a driving simulator experiment. Vehicle automation was manipulated at four levels, and mental workload was assessed with a secondary task.Eye movements were also recorded to determine whether attentional capacity varied with mental workload. The results showed a clear decrease in mental workload associated with some levels of automation. Most striking, though, were the results derived from the eye movement recordings, which demonstrated that attentional capacity varies directly with level of mental workload. These data fully supported the predictions of the new malleable attentional resources theory. The implications of this theory are discussed with regard to capacity models of attention, as well as to the design of future vehicle systems.

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“…Workload and cognitive loading is a known effect in human error generally, and flight and air traffic control are no exception [35][36][37]. Workload has also been modelled with BBNs [38].…”

Section: Cognitive Processes and Sociotechnical Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since much thought occurs in subconscious ways that are not explicit to the agent, this is a challenging area and understanding of the causality is limited. In these more complex situations, agents necessarily apply dynamic cognitive strategies for problem-solving [36,43]. There is also the issue of shared (or distributed) cognition in teams [44], for which further factors (communication, coordination, cooperation, trust, cohesion) contribute to breakdown [45].…”

Section: Cognitive Processes and Sociotechnical Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aviation Human Error Modelled as a Production Process

Pons¹,

Dey

2015

TOERGJ

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As technology systems have become more complex, so it is increasingly difficult for human operators to comprehend how the system is behaving. There is a need to better understand the causes of human-error in the context of the situational variables. The specific case under examination is the process of landing an aircraft. This paper applies a production engineering perspective. By production-process, we refer to the set of actions that are necessary to move a system from one state to a desired new state. Such processes involve mechanisms for taking inputs and converting them to the desired outputs, under certain controls and constraints. Human error is thus treated as a constraint on the processes. A novel process methodology is developed to represent how technical systems, situational variables, external factors, and human error evolve over time in a process. The applicability is demonstrated with a dataset of case studies. In parallel, a new categorization of human errors is derived for this situation. The method permits cases to be examined individually, and also collectively for patterns. The results show that the initial landing approach is often the point of error initiation. For the specific case of landing accidents the methodology identifies that the failure causality was the lack of attention to establish procedure at the very start of descent, followed by persistent disregard of disconfirmatory evidence at the initial landing approach, especially under conditions of poor visibility. The paper makes a methodological contribution as well as suggesting new insights for how human error occurs at landing.

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Workload variation, intrinsic risk and utility in a simulated air traffic control task: Evidence for compensatory effects

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Analysis of the mental workload of city traffic control operators while monitoring traffic density: A field study

Analysis of the mental workload of city traffic control operators while monitoring traffic density: A field study

Malleable Attentional Resources Theory: A New Explanation for the Effects of Mental Underload on Performance

Aviation Human Error Modelled as a Production Process

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