World-Class Mineral Deposits of Northeastern Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia

Gongalsky, Bronislav; Krivolutskaya, Nadezhda

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03559-4

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Its age according to a study of the U-Pb system in zircons is 1867 ± 3 Ma [35] and according to Ar-Ar data in biotite is 1880 ± 16 Ma [36]. Our SHRIMP-II determinations of U-Pb in zircons for high-titanic gabbro are 1858 ± 17 Ma; the low-titanic gabbro age is 1811 ± 27 Ma [10]. The Chineysky pluton is characterized by different-scale rhythmicity; the thickness of rhythms varies from micro-rhythms (first centimeters to decimeters) to macro-rhythms (first hundred meters).…”

Section: Magmatic and Complex Depositsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The deposits of these types are related to the gabbro, gabbro-norites, and anorthosite of the Chineysky complex [8][9][10]. The Chineysky pluton is the largest layered intrusion that breaks up the rocks of the Sakukansky Formation in the immediate vicinity of the Udokan deposit.…”

Section: Magmatic and Complex Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of minerals of different classes: sulfates (brochantite, antlerite, and chalcanthite), carbonates (malachite, azurite, and cerussite), silicates (chrysocolla), and Fe-oxides (goethite and hydrogoethite) [44][45][46][47][48]. Two rare phosphates were found, i.e., a new mineral named krendelevite (proximate composition CuAl(SO4)(PO4)(OH)•H2O) and fluelite [10,49] (Figure 7a,b). In general, the sulfur isotope composition of the sulfides in the Udokan deposit varies significantly.…”

Section: Deposits In Carbonate-terrigenous Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second very important type of deposit includes Cu magmatic ores in layered intrusions in combination with V-rich titanomagnetite ores. The giant Chineysky deposits of this type are related to the gabbro-anorthosite pluton of the same name [8][9][10]. There are some smaller deposits around it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral and S-Isotope Compositions of Cu-Sulfide Deposits in Southern Siberia (Kodar–Udokan Region), Russia

Gongalsky,

Velivetskaya,

Taskaev

2024

Minerals

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The Kodaro–Udokan region is a huge Cu metallogenic province in Southern Siberia, one of the largest on Earth. It contains world-class copper sandstone-hosted Udokan (Cu reserves of 26.7 Mt) and PGE-Ni-Cu Chineysky deposits related to gabbro–anorthosite pluton (Cu—10 Mt; Fe-Ti-V, 30 Gt of ore). Furthermore, there are many small deposits of sulfide ores in sedimentary and igneous rocks in this region as well. For many decades, their genesis has been hotly debated. We studied the mineral composition and the sulfur isotopes in several deposits located at different levels of the stratigraphic sequence and in gabbro intruded in sandstones of the Udokan complex. The differences in ore compositions were found. The Burpala and Skvoznoy deposits consisting of the chalcocite–bornite association are characterized only by negative δ34S. The δ34S values for the Udokan deposits are mostly <0 (up to −28‰). The positive δ34S data characterize the ores of the Chineysky and Luktursky intrusions. Two Cu sandstone-hosted deposits are characterized by complex ore composition, i.e., the Krasny deposit, comprising chalcopyrite–pyrrhotite ores, is enriched in Co, Ni, Bi, Sb, Mo, Pb, Zn, Se, Te, and U and has a wide range of δ34S = −8.1–+13.5‰, and the Pravoingamakitsky deposit (Basaltovy section), consisting of quartz–chalcopyrite veins, has high PGE contents in ores with δ34S = +2.9–+4.0‰. These deposits are located near the gabbro massifs, and it is supposed that their ore compositions were influenced by magmatic fluids. The general regularities of the localization of the deposits in rift zones, and the proximity of mineral and isotopic composition allow us to conclude that the main source of copper could be rocks of basic composition because only they contain high Cu contents. Fluids from deep zones could penetrate to the surface and form Cu sandstone-hosted deposits.

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Section: Magmatic and Complex Depositsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Magmatic and Complex Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deposits In Carbonate-terrigenous Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral and S-Isotope Compositions of Cu-Sulfide Deposits in Southern Siberia (Kodar–Udokan Region), Russia

Gongalsky,

Velivetskaya,

Taskaev

2024

Minerals

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“…При этом в качестве источника ЭПГ и флюидов рассматриваются нижележащие относительно платиноносного горизонта слои кристаллизующихся кумулатов (поступление рудообразующих компонентов снизу). С позиций данной модели, в сочетании с экспериментальными данными, находят объяснение многие явления формирования рифов, поэтому, естественно, число ее сторонников неуклонно растет, особенно среди отечественных исследователей (Гроховская и др., 1992;Симонов, Изох, 1994;Служеникин и др., 1994;Орсоев и др., 1997;Рябов, 1999;Додин и др., 2000;Gongalsky, Krivolutskaya, 2019;и др. ).…”

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Anorthosites of the low-sulfide platiniferous horizon (Reef I) in the upper riphean Yoko-Dovyren massif (Northern Cisbaikalia): new data on the composition, PGE-Cu-Ni mineralization, fluid regime and formation conditions

Orsoev

2019

Геология рудных месторождений

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The carried out studies based on new data allowed to give mineralogical, petro- and geochemical characteristics to anorthosites, which are the main link and the major concentrator of PGE and Au in the composition of low-sulfide platinum metal mineralization, localized in a specific taxitic horizon (Reef I) of the Yoko-Dovyren massif. The revealed features of the composition and structure of this horizon indicate that the formation of anorthosites is caused by both the actual magmatic and the late- and postmagmatic processes with a high activity of volatile components. The horizon occurrence can be explained in terms of the “compaction” hypothesis and thermal shrinkage phenomenon. At the boundary of the rocks contrasting in composition and characteristics, when they are cooled, weakened zones form up to cracks and cavities, into which the interstitial leucocratic melt and volatiles squeezed out of the underlying horizons of the massif sucked as a result of the decompression effect. The revealed patterns of changes in the compositions of Pl (82-88% An), Ol (78-81% Fo), Cpx (40-44% En, 9-18% Fs, 41-47% Wo) and Opx (74-78% En, 16-24% Fs, 2-5% Wo) indicate fractional crystallization of the detrital melt. The processes of fluid-magmatic interaction led to a considerable heterogeneity of anorthosites and other rocks, the formation of disequilibrium mineral associations and concentration of ore-generating components. Sulfide associations are considered as products of the subsolidus transformation of solid solutions (mss and iss + poss) formed during the crystallization of an immiscible sulfide liquid enriched in Cu. It is demonstrated that noble metals were associated not only with a limited amount of sulfide liquid. The major part of noble metals with “crust” components (Sn, Pb, Hg, Bi, As, Sb, Te, S, etc.) entered the anorthosite cavities along with volatile components and chlorine, thus causing an abundance of native minerals among platinoids. The decisive role of reduced gases (H2, CH4, CO), H2O and Cl in the genesis of precious metal minerals is estimated.

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Fe-Ti-V Deposits of Eastern Siberia: Their Similarities and Differences

Gongalsky

Krivolutskaya

Yakushev

et al. 2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Fe-Ti-V deposits related to the basic-ultrabasic intrusions are widespread within eastern Siberia, in its northern and southern parts. Two large massifs are located in the Kodar-Udokan trough Siberian Platform, and in the Taimyr Peninsula. They are the Chineysky intrusion and the Dyumtaleysky massifs consequently. The problem of ore origin includes an estimation of parental melt composition and its evolution. To solve it, we have studied the internal structure, composition of rocks and ores from these massifs. The Chineysky lopolith has a thickness of 2.5 km and consists of four rock groups formed during different stages. Layering is a typical feature of the second group of rocks enriched in titanomagnetite. Economic Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization (Cu/Ni=10-100) concentrates within the lower boundary of the massif and includes the endo-and exocontact ore. Chineysky massif consists of basic rocks with typical crustal characteristics (Ta-Nb negative and Pb positive anomalies). The Dyumtaleysky intrusion represents a tabular body of 600 m in thickness. It consists of two groups of rocks - gabbro (upper zone, 300 m) and peridotites (lower zone, 300 m). It was suggested that they were formed at two stages. The upper zone is characterized by thin layering which is similar to the layering of the Chineysky massif. Sulfides are concentrated within the massif (between upper and lower zones) and in its endocontact zone. The mineralization consists of chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, millerite, cubanite; Cu/Ni= 1-0.5. In contrast to the rocks of the Chineysky massif, the rocks of the Dyumtaleysky intrusion are characterized by patterns without Ta-Nb anomaly. Gd/Yb ratio demonstrates the origin of these two massifs from different magma sources: shallow for the Chineysky intrusion and deep (with garnet) for the Dyumtaleysky one. Thus, Fe-Ti-V deposits could be formed from different magmas but contain the same type of ores because the leading process of ore formation is a multiple fractional crystallization.

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World-Class Mineral Deposits of Northeastern Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Mineral and S-Isotope Compositions of Cu-Sulfide Deposits in Southern Siberia (Kodar–Udokan Region), Russia

Mineral and S-Isotope Compositions of Cu-Sulfide Deposits in Southern Siberia (Kodar–Udokan Region), Russia

Anorthosites of the low-sulfide platiniferous horizon (Reef I) in the upper riphean Yoko-Dovyren massif (Northern Cisbaikalia): new data on the composition, PGE-Cu-Ni mineralization, fluid regime and formation conditions

Fe-Ti-V Deposits of Eastern Siberia: Their Similarities and Differences

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