World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

Beretta, Gian Paolo

doi:10.1504/ijetm.2007.013239

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Biomass is currently utilized by the entire world as an energy source and carrier, and its contribution to the energy supply changes significantly from country to country. In fact, although the world consumption of biomass is, on the average, about 11 per cent of the total energy consumption [1,2], in Europe, the biomass contributes for about 2.4 per cent to the total electricity generation and for the 3.7 per cent to the total primary energy supply. In Sweden the contribution of the 'bio-energy' has reached an amazing 32 per cent of the total primary energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass combined cycles based on externally fired gas turbines and organic Rankine expanders

Invernizzi¹,

Iora

Sandrini³

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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This article investigates the possibility to enhance the performance of a biomass organic Rankine cycle (ORC) plant by adding an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT), yielding a combined EFGT + ORC system. A typical ORC configuration is first modelled and validated on data available from an existing unit 1.5 MW reference plant. Then, different working fluids belonging to the methyl-substituted benzene series and linear methylpolysiloxanes have been evaluated for the ORC section on the basis of both thermodynamics considerations and design issues of the regenerator and the turbine. Results of the simulations of the combined cycle (CC) referred to a furnace size of about unit 9 MW, assuming a maximum GT inlet temperature of 800 °C, show a maximum efficiency of 23 per cent, obtained in the case where toluene is adopted as a working fluid for the bottoming section. This value is about 4 points per cent higher than the efficiency of the corresponding simple ORC. Finally, to conclude, some preliminary considerations are given regarding the techno-economic feasibility of the combined configuration, suggesting the need of a further investigation on the possible technological solution for the furnace which represents the main uncertainty in the resulting costs of the CC

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass combined cycles based on externally fired gas turbines and organic Rankine expanders

Invernizzi¹,

Iora

Sandrini³

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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“…The urge of the smallest is the same as the urge of the biggest: the urge is to flow Figure 1. Time evolution of the second law efficiency of power plants, and the growth of power generation world wide ( [1]; efficiency data from [2]; power generation data from [3]). …”

Section: A New Attitude Toward Globalization and Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Science and technology as evolving flow architectures

Bejan

2009

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYThis essay traces the evolution of thermodynamics from its origins to ad hoc applications of thermodynamic optimization (entropy generation minimization) and the principle-based generation of flow configuration in nonequilibrium systems (constructal theory). Geophysical and biological flow systems evolve in one direction, toward configurations that flow more easily. This evolutionary process is like an animated movie in which existing flow designs are replaced by designs that offer greater flow access. This paradigm fuels a new attitude toward globalization and sustainability: the natural way to bring the less advanced areas into the flow of things is to allow the vascular systems of goods, people and ideas to bathe the whole earth more and more freely. Constructal theory shows that freedom is good for design, and that the future belongs to vascularized architectures with increased svelteness and optimal distribution of imperfection.

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“…Since ancient times, man has been known to use sources of energy other than his own physical force (endosomatic energy), such as: the work of domestic animals to obtain mechanical energy, the force of the wind, the currents of water as generators of movement, and the heat obtained by the combustion of wood [1]. Some time later, coal, hydrocarbons, and hydroelectricity began to be used, and now gas and nuclear energy are being used; all of which play essential roles for social development and industrialization [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the beginning of the 21st century, energy consumption had doubled in comparison to the last three decades of the last century [2]. Due to this change, meeting the energy demands of the modern man has become an urgent challenge for humanity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of energy efficiency (E.E.). Basis for an alternative vision of E.E. in Colombia

et al. 2020

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The management of natural resources, especially energy resources, is a challenge for today's society. For this reason, Energy Efficiency (E.E.) is considered as a key tool to promote economic growth, reduce the consumption of natural energy resources, and help to solve multiple environmental impacts. In this study, a systematic mapping of the literature concerning E.E. is carried out. Based on the research questions formulated in the systematic mapping, a knowledge gap is identified, which is that the problems linked to energy are not being addressed from a systemic and interdisciplinary paradigm. This calls for the development of methodological, sociological, and technological processes that allow understanding of E.E. from a systemic perspective. Finally, the basis for an alternative vision of E.E. in Colombia is proposed, which tends towards the sustainability and conservation of natural energy resources.

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World energy consumption and resources: an outlook for the rest of the century

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Biomass combined cycles based on externally fired gas turbines and organic Rankine expanders

Biomass combined cycles based on externally fired gas turbines and organic Rankine expanders

Science and technology as evolving flow architectures

Systematic review of energy efficiency (E.E.). Basis for an alternative vision of E.E. in Colombia

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