World in Motion: Perception and Discrimination of Movement in Juvenile Grey Bamboo Sharks (Chiloscyllium griseum)

Fuss, Theodora; Russnak, V.; Stehr, K.; Schluessel, Vera

doi:10.26451/abc.04.03.03.2017

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…The individuals’ experience with single objects possibly gained during previous experiments ( cf . Fuss et al. 2017 ; Schluessel et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As all individuals had already participated in previous experiments on different visual discrimination tasks (i.e., bamboo sharks: Fuss et al. 2017 , Malawi cichlids: Schluessel et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general capability to discriminate between a variety of different objects has been thoroughly investigated in bamboo sharks ( Chiloscyllium griseum , e.g., Fuss et al. 2014a , 2014b , 2017 ; Fuss and Schluessel 2015 , 2017 ) as well as in Malawi cichlids ( Pseudotropheus zebra , e.g., Schluessel et al. 2014a , 2015 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids

2018

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Sorting objects and events into categories and concepts is an important cognitive prerequisite that spares an individual the learning of every object or situation encountered in its daily life. Accordingly, specific items are classified in general groups that allow fast responses to novel situations. The present study assessed whether bamboo sharks Chiloscyllium griseum and Malawi cichlids Pseudotropheus zebra can distinguish sets of stimuli (each stimulus consisting of two abstract, geometric objects) that meet two conceptual preconditions, i.e., (1) "sameness" versus "difference" and (2) a certain spatial arrangement of both objects. In two alternative forced choice experiments, individuals were first trained to choose two different, vertically arranged objects from two different but horizontally arranged ones. Pair discriminations were followed by extensive transfer test experiments. Transfer tests using stimuli consisting of (a) black and gray circles and (b) squares with novel geometric patterns provided conflicting information with respect to the learnt rule "choose two different, vertically arranged objects", thereby investigating (1) the individuals' ability to transfer previously gained knowledge to novel stimuli and (2) the abstract relational concept(s) or rule(s) applied to categorize these novel objects. Present results suggest that the level of processing and usage of both abstract concepts differed considerably between bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids. Bamboo sharks seemed to combine both concepts-although not with equal but hierarchical prominence-pointing to advanced cognitive capabilities. Conversely, Malawi cichlids had difficulties in discriminating between symbols and failed to apply the acquired training knowledge on new sets of geometric and, in particular, gray-level transfer stimuli.Key words: visual concept learning, spatial arrangement, relational abstract concept, Malawi cichlid, bamboo shark Concepts and categories benefit an individual's cognitive economy by obviating the learning of every particular object or situation encountered in its daily life (e.g., Lamberts and Shanks 1997;Mareschal et al. 2010). Instead, any new object or action is immediately placed in a group of similar, already classified items, which allows for prompt identification and therefore quick response to novel situations. Concept learning (also known as category learning or concept attainment) requires the learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that comprise possibly concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not comprise these features (Bruner et al. 1967). While items within a group or category can vary to some extent, they all must share at least some item-specific (e.g., physical or perceptually similar) features and the development of prototypes, schemas, attributions, or exemplars predictive of the appropriate category (Zentall et al. 2002). Abstract concepts, in contrast, are not based on item-specific features but on relationships and are therefore not associated...

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“…The individuals’ experience with single objects possibly gained during previous experiments ( cf . Fuss et al. 2017 ; Schluessel et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As all individuals had already participated in previous experiments on different visual discrimination tasks (i.e., bamboo sharks: Fuss et al. 2017 , Malawi cichlids: Schluessel et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids

2018

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“…Several elasmobranch species, including the grey bamboo shark ( Chiloscyllium griseum ) and the ocellate river stingray ( Potamotrygon motoro ), have been part of a range of cognition experiments and have shown various visual discrimination as well as orientation abilities (see reviews [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]). Adding to that, freshwater stingrays ( Potamotrygon castexi ) are able to use water as a tool to extract food from a tube [ 54 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By training animals, opposed to testing for spontaneous choice, one can control all variables potentially influencing the animal’s choice [ 34 ]. In previous studies, grey bamboo sharks were able to distinguish between symmetrical and non-symmetrical shapes, various stationary objects (including geometric forms) as well as moving stimuli and categorized two-dimensional objects [ 49 , 52 , 57 ]. They also performed well in a range of optical illusion experiments [ 50 , 58 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counting on Numbers—Numerical Abilities in Grey Bamboo Sharks and Ocellate River Stingrays

Kreuter

Christofzik

Niederbremer

et al. 2021

Animals

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Over the last decade, studies examining the cognitive abilities of fish have increased, using a broad range of approaches. One of the foci has been to test the ability of fish to discriminate quantities of items and to determine whether fish can solve tasks solely on the basis of numerical information. This study is the first to investigate this ability in two elasmobranch species. All animals were trained in two-alternative forced-choice visual experiments and then examined in transfer tests, to determine if previously gained knowledge could be applied to new tasks. Results show that the grey bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium griseum) and the ocellate river stingray (Potamotrygon motoro) can discriminate quantities based on numerical information alone, while continuous variables were controlled for. Furthermore, the data indicates that similar magnitudes and limits for quantity discrimination exist as in other animals. However, the high degree of intraspecific variation that was observed as well as the low rate of animals proving to be successful suggest that the ability to discriminate quantities may not be as important to these species as to some other vertebrate and invertebrate species tested so far.

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Kognitive Fähigkeiten der Fische

Bleckmann¹

2023

Dumm Wie Ein Fisch?

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World in Motion: Perception and Discrimination of Movement in Juvenile Grey Bamboo Sharks (Chiloscyllium griseum)

Cited by 10 publications

References 85 publications

Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids

Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids

Counting on Numbers—Numerical Abilities in Grey Bamboo Sharks and Ocellate River Stingrays

Kognitive Fähigkeiten der Fische

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