World Vegetables

Rubatzky, Vincent E.; Yamaguchi, Mas

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6015-9

Cited by 178 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a perennial plant, but cultivated as annual crop, growing world-wide (Rubatzky and Yamaguchi 1997;Heuvelink 2005). The original taxonomic classification within the genus Lycopersicon described nine species (Rick 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance mechanisms of wild tomato germplasm to infection of Oidium neolycopersici

et al. 2013

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Tomato powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici) is one of the most devastating diseases of cultivated tomatoes worldwide. Although the first epidemics were recorded more than 25 years ago many aspects of this host-pathogen interaction are still not well understood. Detailed morphological and molecular studies of the anamorphs confirmed that O. neolycopersici is phylogeneticaly close to Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi. Host range is rather broad, apart from Solanaceae hosts were found in the families Apocynaceae, Campanulaceae, Crassulaceae, Cistaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Papaveraceae, Pedialiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Valerianaceae a Violaceae. Non-host resistance within these families is not based on inhibition of formation of primary haustorium, however, on post-haustorial hypersensitive reponse and another type of non-hypersensitive resistance. Screening of wild Solanum species (previous Lycopersicon spp.) germplasm revealed valuable sources of resistance (S. habrochaites, S. pennellii, S. cheesmaniae, S. chilense, S. peruvianum). The main resistance mechanism was found to be a hypersensitive response (HR), in some cases followed by limited development of the pathogen. However, there is a broad variation in resistance response on the histological and cytological level. Interaction between many wild Solanum spp. and O. neolycopersici is race-specific, at least three races were differentiated. In some interspecific crosses (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites) adult plant resistance was observed. Biochemical studies focusing on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxidase activity during infection of O. neolycopersici showed that production of ROS and activity of corresponding enzymes is related to activation of defence responses in genotypes of wild Solanum sect. Lycopersicon. The significance of nitric oxide (NO) in O. neolycopersici pathogenesis was supported by experiments with NO donors and scavengers. In moderately resistant genotype S. chmielewskii, treatment by heat stress caused slight deceleration of pathogen development, increased production of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) and increased peroxidase activity in infected plants. The different degree of tomato resistance/ susceptibility did not markedly change the rate and extent of photosynthetic response to O. neolycopersici; only minimal impairment of photosynthesis was found in both susceptible and moderately resistant genotypes during the Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UK first 9 days after inoculation. The accumulated evidence confirm a crucial role of localised increased production of ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in response to pathogen penetration into plant tissue and its involvement in the plant resistance responses including the initiation and progression of plant cell death in host wild Solanum species. Crucial points of further research are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance mechanisms of wild tomato germplasm to infection of Oidium neolycopersici

et al. 2013

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“…As numerous health benefits have been attributed to onions, it has been used traditionally in Asia as well as in different parts of the world as medicine [4]. It can protect against cancer, fight fungi and bacteria, promote cardiovascular health, reduce high blood pressure and insulin resistance, aid in weight loss, possess antioxidant activity, fight chronic bronchitis, infections, fever etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Proximate Composition and Energy Values of Two Varieties of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Bulbs of Different Origin: A Comparative Study

Bhattacharjee¹,

Sultana²,

Sazzad³

et al. 2013

IJNFS

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“…Stanghellini et al (1998) detected high positive correlation between seed number and fruit size of muskmelon Also, strong correlation between presence of honeybees and muskmelon yield were registered Bohn and Mann 1960). These results may attributed to efficient pollinators (honeybees) leading to large number of pollen grains transfer to stigmas of pistilate flowers causing high percentage of fruit setting (Bodnar, 1987), or result of increases in growth and development in the ovary then increase in fruit size after fertilization (Rubatzky and Yamaguchi, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flowers of watermelon are staminate (male), perfect (hermaphroditic), or pistillate (female). Pistillate flowers have an inferior ovary, and the size and shape of the ovary is correlated with final fruit size and shape (Rubatzky and Yamaguchi, 1997). In many varieties, the pistillate or perfect flowers are born at every seventh node, with staminate flowers at the intervening nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLUENCE OF ELEVATION ON HONEYBEES Apis mellifera syriaca (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) FLIGHT ACTIVITIES AND ITS IMPACT ON FRUIT SET AND QUALITY OF WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus, CUCURBITACEAE)

Zaitoun¹,

Al-Ghzawi²

2016

International Conference on Fisheries and Aquaculture

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A field experiment was conducted to monitor the flight activities of the worker bees of Apis mellifera syriaca and their impact on pollination of watermelon Citrullus lanatus as affected by the growing area elevations. The experiment composed of three treatments, the control (covered plants); in which the plants were caged before flowering to prevent any contact with insect pollinators, the second treatment the plants were left opened to permit contact with honeybees (uncovered plants) and the third treatment the plants were supplementary pollinated with pollen from other plant (hand pollination). The results of this experiment showed that the viability of female flower stigmas lasted mostly to the early hours of the day at 11:00 am for flowers produced in Madaba (780 m above sea level), and lasted to the afternoon of the day at 14:00 pm for flowers produced in Wadi Araba, Al Safi village (350 m below sea level). In general fruit set, seed set, number of fertile seeds, fruit weight, and fruit sugar content were significantly higher in uncovered followed by supplementary pollinated then covered plants while fruit length and fruit circumference were significantly higher in uncovered followed by covered and finally supplementary pollinated plants. Furthermore, fruit set, seed set, fruit weight, fruit circumference, and fruit total soluble solids percentage was significantly higher in plants grown above sea level than below sea level. Honey bees play an important role in the production of high quality and quantity of watermelon fruits for plants grown above or below sea level.

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World Vegetables

Cited by 178 publications

References 0 publications

Resistance mechanisms of wild tomato germplasm to infection of Oidium neolycopersici

Resistance mechanisms of wild tomato germplasm to infection of Oidium neolycopersici

Analysis of the Proximate Composition and Energy Values of Two Varieties of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Bulbs of Different Origin: A Comparative Study

INFLUENCE OF ELEVATION ON HONEYBEES Apis mellifera syriaca (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) FLIGHT ACTIVITIES AND ITS IMPACT ON FRUIT SET AND QUALITY OF WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus, CUCURBITACEAE)

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