Worldwide cryogenics — Kernforschungszentrum karlsruhe

Komarek, P.; Krauth, H.; Lehmann, Wolfgang; Wühl, H.

doi:10.1016/0011-2275(84)90079-1

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The projectile flux was measured through the 27 Al(α, 3p) 28 Mg, 27 Al(α, 4p3n) 24 Na, 27 Al(α, 4p5n) 22 Na reactions using known excitation functions [9] as well as from integrating the current from the Faraday cup that held the target. The individual flux values thus obtained were in good agreement and their average was used to determine the cross sections.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation function measurement and reaction mechanism analysis for alpha-induced reactions on

Chakravarty

Sarkar

Nandy

et al. 1998

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Excitation functions have been measured for 200,199,197,196 Tl and 195,194 Au produced by α-particle-induced reactions on 197 Au in the incident energy range 34-50 MeV. The excitation functions of these nuclei and those of 198 Tl, 197 Hg, 198,196 Au, reported earlier, are analysed in terms of direct, pre-equilibrium and evaporation emissions. The two most commonly used models of pre-equilibrium reactions, the exciton and the hybrid models, have both been used and compared. The choice of the initial exciton number, the role of the pre-equilibrium cluster and multiple nucleon emissions have been investigated. The direct emission of clusters are found to significantly affect the excitation functions of 197 Hg and Au isotopes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation function measurement and reaction mechanism analysis for alpha-induced reactions on

Chakravarty

Sarkar

Nandy

et al. 1998

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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“…Nevertheless, the Nuclear Research Centre turned the formerly rural area into a scientific and technological hub and ranked with 4200 employees in 1983 fourth among the biggest employers in the Middle Upper Rhine region (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1985). According to a publication on the economic factor of the Nuclear Research Centre, more than 20,000 people could secure their livelihood in the wider area of the Centre.…”

Section: The Economic Impact Of the Nuclear Research Centre On The Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to a publication on the economic factor of the Nuclear Research Centre, more than 20,000 people could secure their livelihood in the wider area of the Centre. Employees lived in the city of Karlsruhe and in the neighboring municipalities Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen and Linkenheim-Hochstetten as well as other boroughs in the region (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1985). In the same publication, the Nuclear Research Centre pointed to Leopoldshafen as an example of successful structural change.…”

Section: The Economic Impact Of the Nuclear Research Centre On The Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1980s, after the merger with Eggenstein which had around 2600 inhabitants in 1961 (Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg, 2020), the population grew to 6000 people and was compared with an urban housing area. Apart from growth due to in-migration, around a third of the local population found work opportunities at the Centre (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1985).…”

Section: The Economic Impact Of the Nuclear Research Centre On The Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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What is good drinking water? 41 Years of risk perception on water quality in the vicinity of the Nuclear Research Centre Karlsruhe, 1956–1997

Gutting

2023

Risk Hazard & Crisis Pub Pol

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This article traces the historical evolution of risk perception around the Nuclear Research Centre Karlsruhe, Germany, from 1956 to 1997. It does so by targeting the evolution of water-related risks. Federal hopes in the postwar era that the Nuclear Research Centre would bring progress and prosperity clashed with local values and local perception of nuclear engineering as dangerous to health and the environment. Various conflicts arose and opponents made use of their past lived-knowledge to foster their arguments against future decision-making, mobilizing stories from the past to shape the future. The conflict culminated in the 1990s, when the municipality decided to lease the Centre's waterworks for future drinking water supply. The main argument of the article is that even though the public discourse shifted over the years from water pollution toward greater risks such as nuclear meltdowns, the local risk perception stayed with the water-related risks. The article shows how the locals perceived and narrated their risk perception against the decisionmaking of authorities as well as against the reasoning of scientists and experts.

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“…(1) exploring innovative testing ideas; (2) assessing the feasibility of obtaining the desired information, e.g. instrumentation limitations; (3) developing conceptual facility designs and cost estimates; and (4) comparing possible experiments and facilities based on technical usefulness, time and cost.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical issues and requirements of experiments and facilities for fusion nuclear technology

et al. 1987

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The technical issues, development problems and required experiments and facilities for fusion nuclear technology have been investigated. The results have been used to develop a technical framework for a test plan that identifies the role, timing, characteristics and costs of major experiments and facilities. A major feature of this framework is the utilization of non-fusion facilities over the next 15 years, followed by testing in fusion devices beyond about the year 2000. Basic, separate effect and multiple interaction experiments in non-fusion facilities will provide property data, explore phenomena and provide input to theory and analytic modelling. Experiments in fusion facilities can proceed in two phases: (1) concept verification and (2) component reliability growth. Integrated testing imposes certain requirements on fusion testing device parameters; these requirements have been quantified. The nuclear subsystems addressed in the study are: (a) blanket and first wall; (b) tritium processing system; (c) plasma interactive components; and (d) radiation shield. The two generic classes of liquid and solid breeder blankets have significant engineering feasibility issues, and new experimental data must be obtained before selection of an attractive design concept. Liquid metal blanket issues are dominated by problems related to momentum, heat and mass transfer, which can be addressed in non-neutron test facilities. Solid breeder blanket issues are, however, dominated by the effects of radiation, including heating, transmutation and damage, which can be reasonably addressed in fission reactors. The tritium processing uncertainties are primarily related to the control and recovery systems, and most can be addressed in existing and planned non-neutron facilities. A dominant feature of plasma interactive components is the strong interrelation to both plasma physics and nuclear technology. Required facilities include thermomechanical test stands and confinement devices with sufficiently long plasma burn. The radiation shield poses no feasibility issues, but improved accuracy of predictions will reduce design conservatism and lower costs.

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Worldwide cryogenics — Kernforschungszentrum karlsruhe

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Excitation function measurement and reaction mechanism analysis for alpha-induced reactions on

Excitation function measurement and reaction mechanism analysis for alpha-induced reactions on

What is good drinking water? 41 Years of risk perception on water quality in the vicinity of the Nuclear Research Centre Karlsruhe, 1956–1997

Technical issues and requirements of experiments and facilities for fusion nuclear technology

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