Worldwide first fully up‐scaled fabrication of 60 × 100 cm² dye solar module prototypes

Abstract

Large-scale (6000 cm 2 ) dye solar cell modules were developed using a meander and integrated series connection design in combination with a glass frit-sealing technique. The manufacturing process, as developed at Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) for glass frit-sealed dye solar cell modules, is based entirely on screen printing and does not require the interconnection of sub-modules. With the same technique and appropriate quality control, a good reproducibility on smaller-scaled modules (10 Â 10 cm²) is already achieved and a solar efficiency of 7.1% on the active area has been reached, resulting in 5.3% efficiency on total aperture area. The scope of the recent work is to prove that the manufacturing concept is up-scalable to attractive areas for the building-integrated photovoltaic market. For the size of 60 Â 100 cm² to be reached, it was necessary to transfer each process step into an industrial environment. Additionally, a half-automated station for coloring and electrolyte filling made out of standard parts was constructed, which forms the basis for the final processing steps. Additional functions (processes and quality control) to ensure the long-term stability are integrated into the station. First operating module prototypes have been manufactured with this equipment. Different processing steps and the electrical characterization of these first 60 Â 100 cm 2 prototypes are presented along with an overview of the advantages of this module concept in terms of cost effective up-scaling and transfer to industrial production.

Vegetable-based dye-sensitized solar cells

“…591 The first two chromophoric subunits (Bodipy and Zn-Pr) act as LHA while the squaraine behaves as sensitizer for electron injection into TiO 2 . [622][623][624][625] Being electrochemical devices, however, specific problems arises for scaling up DSSCs, such as the management of the liquid electrolyte. 26).…”

“…However, metal finger corrosion can be induced by the electrolyte. [623][624][625] Also in this case, vertical metal contact should be properly sealed to prevent the corrosive action of the electrolyte. [627][628][629][630][631] In Z-type series connected DSSC module the anode of the cell is connected to the cathode of the adjacent cell through a vertical metal contact.…”

Laser sealed dye-sensitized solar cells: Efficiency and long term stability

“…3). This should be assigned to the consumption of triiodide caused by photo degradation of organic material catalyzed by the TiO 2 in the presence of oxygen or oxygen and water [10,21,22]. The R PE increase is consistent with a decrease in the concentration of I À 3 in the electrolyte.…”

“…The R PE increase is consistent with a decrease in the concentration of I À 3 in the electrolyte. It has been previously reported [10,21] that adsorbed water at TiO 2 surface decreases interfacial recombination due to occupation of surface states. In the case of LAGF cells, they are hermetically sealed thus significantly reducing oxygen and water contamination of the devices.…”

Research on the Application of a Control Method for Multiple Precision Machining Equipment

“…At present, there is no high intelligence of the processing grinding machine of the solar prism in our country, the process is time-consuming and laborious, the positioning accuracy is low, the processing quality is poor, and the output and the qualified rate of the machine is very low [2][3][4][5]. Such efficiency is very difficult to meet the needs of the Chinese market, so it is urgent to develop high precision and high efficiency intelligent molding grinding machine to improve the yield and finished product rate, so it has some practical value and broad market prospect [6].…”