Worldwide Initiation of Holocene Marine Deltas by Deceleration of Sea-Level Rise

Stanley, Daniel Jean; Warne, Andrew G.

doi:10.1126/science.265.5169.228

Cited by 589 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…It is remarkable that the initiation of the delta at its modern position is delayed compared to the mean timing of the initial Holocene delta development compiled by Stanley and Warne (1994). They calculated a mean of B7.0 ka BP for northern latitude deltas whereas the deltaic sedimentation of the Lena Delta only started after 6-5 ka BP as seen from the transgression history of the Laptev Sea .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary sedimentation history of the Lena Delta

Schwamborn

Rachold

Grigoriev

2002

Quaternary International

165

176

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Core and outcrop analysis from Lena mouth deposits have been used to reconstruct the Late Quaternary sedimentation history of the Lena Delta. Sediment properties (heavy mineral composition, grain size characteristics, organic carbon content) and age determinations ( 14 C AMS and IR-OSL) are applied to discriminate the main sedimentary units of the three major geomorphic terraces, which form the delta. The development of the terraces is controlled by complex interactions among the following four factors: (1) Channel migration. According to the distribution of 14 C and IR-OSL age determinations of Lena mouth sediments, the major river runoff direction shifted from the west during marine isotope stages 5-3 (third terrace deposits) towards the northwest during marine isotope stage 2 and transition to stage 1 (second terrace), to the northeast and east during the Holocene (first terrace deposits). (2) Eustasy. Sea level rise from Last Glacial lowstand to the modern sea level position, reached at 6-5 ka BP, resulted in back-filling and flooding of the palaeovalleys. (3) Neotectonics. The extension of the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge into the Laptev Sea shelf acted as a halfgraben, showing dilatation movements with different subsidence rates. From the continent side, differential neotectonics with uplift and transpression in the Siberian coast ridges are active. Both likely have influenced river behavior by providing sites for preservation, with uplift, in particular, allowing accumulation of deposits in the second terrace in the western sector. The actual delta setting comprises only the eastern sector of the Lena Delta. (4) Peat formation. Polygenetic formation of icerich peaty sand (''Ice Complex'') was most extensive (7-11 m in thickness) in the southern part of the delta area between 43 and 14 ka BP (third terrace deposits). In recent times, alluvial peat (5-6 m in thickness) is accumulated on top of the deltaic sequences in the eastern sector (first terrace). r

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary sedimentation history of the Lena Delta

Schwamborn

Rachold

Grigoriev

2002

Quaternary International

165

176

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“…Horton et al (2012) did find evidence of high volumes of strongly seasonally distributed rainfall during the early parts of interglacials and into early highstand. In combination with highstand deltaic sedimentation (much like that found around the world today; Stanley and Warne 1994), this may help account for possible highstand coals. Such coals are rarely of more than very local economic thickness and quality (low ash and sulfur) and lack the subcoal paleosols indicative of strong climate contrasts.…”

Section: Tropical Cyclothems and Climate Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland-Dryland Vegetational Dynamics in the Pennsylvanian Ice Age Tropics

DiMichele¹

2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

161

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Premise of research. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age was the last extensive pre-Pleistocene ice age. It includes many climate changes of different intensities, permitting examination of many and varied biotic responses. The tropical Pennsylvanian Subperiod, usually visualized as one vast wetland coal forest, in fact also was dominated, periodically, by seasonally dry vegetation that, in turn, covered most of the central and western Pangean supercontinent. Equatorial wetland and dryland biomes oscillated during single glacial-interglacial cycles. This recognition changes understanding of the Coal Age tropics; examination of their spatiotemporal patterns indicates that these vegetation types responded differently to global environmental disturbances and long-term trends and points to potentially different underlying controls on evolutionary histories of their component lineages.Methodology. This study is based on the published literature and on examination of geological exposures and fossil floras, mainly from North America but also from other parts of the world.Pivotal results. Wetlands and seasonally dry habitats were equally part of the Coal Age Pangean tropics. They dominated these landscapes at different times, under different climatic regimes. Wetland vegetation was likely forced into refugia during seasonally dry (subhumid to semiarid) parts of glacial-interglacial cycles; it reemerged/reassembled during wet (humid to perhumid) periods. Seasonally dry vegetation resided permanently in areas of western and central Pangea and in microhabitats within the Central Pangean Mountains. Both floras had lower biodiversity than modern floras in similar habitats. The wetland flora species pool was more phylogenetically disparate than any modern vegetation. In contrast, seasonally dry floras were dominated by seed plants. These biomes responded differently to acute environmental changes and chronic long-term aridification.Conclusions. From ecological or evolutionary perspectives, the present-day world is but one possibility. Lower-diversity worlds such as the late Paleozoic, with a rich spectrum of environmental variations, offer insights into relationships between organisms and environments that expand understanding of these phenomena and enlarge our sense of what is possible or probable as we look to the future.

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“…A historical maximum in human activity in the lower Yangtze region was reached during 1200-1000 BP when several ancient relics were found and agricultural activities intensified (Stanley et al, 1994(Stanley et al, , 1996Chen et al, 2001Chen et al, , 2012. Evidence for human impact through intensive cultivation and burning is particularly clear since 2000 BP, which could impact palaeoclimate records.…”

Section: Variability In the Yangtze River Discharge Associated With Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Millennial-scale East Asian Summer Monsoon variability recorded in grain size and provenance of mud belt sediments on the inner shelf of the East China Sea during mid-to late Holocene

Wang

Zheng

Tada

et al. 2014

Quaternary International

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The response of the monsoon climate on the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS) to abrupt climate changes events within the monsoonal Yangtze River drainage is contentious. Repositioning of the monsoon front is thought to have been responsible for the changes in hydroclimate over the Yangtze River drainage, which has exerted great impact on the sedimentation of the inner shelf of the ECS during the Holocene. Here, we present high-resolution analyses of grain size and provenance of the sediments from core MD06-3040 recovered from the inner shelf of the ECS during MD155-Marco Polo II-IMAGES XIV cruise. Significant variability occurred in the core MD06-3040 with notable decrease in East Asian Summer Monsoon precipitation (presumably drought events) at 6000 BP, 5300 BP, 4500 BP, 3700-3300 BP, 2200 BP, 1400-1300 BP, and 800-600 BP, which coincide with the 18 O w record in the northern ECS and stalagmite 18 O sp records from southern China. Similar patterns of these temporal variations suggest that the Yangtze River discharge associated with EASM precipitation has been a dominant control on the sedimentation on the inner shelf of ECS.

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Worldwide Initiation of Holocene Marine Deltas by Deceleration of Sea-Level Rise

Cited by 589 publications

References 29 publications

Late Quaternary sedimentation history of the Lena Delta

Late Quaternary sedimentation history of the Lena Delta

Wetland-Dryland Vegetational Dynamics in the Pennsylvanian Ice Age Tropics

Millennial-scale East Asian Summer Monsoon variability recorded in grain size and provenance of mud belt sediments on the inner shelf of the East China Sea during mid-to late Holocene

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