Worldwide patterns of genetic differentiation imply multiple ‘domestications’ of<i>Aedes aegypti</i>, a major vector of human diseases

Brown, Julia E. H.; McBride, Carolyn S.; Johnson, Petrina H.; Ritchie, Scott A.; Paupy, Christophe; Bossin, Hervé; Lutomiah, Joel; Fernández‐Salas, Ildefonso; Ponlawat, Alongkot; Cornel, Anthony J.; Black, William C.; Gorrochótegui-Escalante, Norma; Urdaneta-Marquez, Ludmel; Sylla, Massamba; Slotman, Michel A.; Murray, Kristy O.; Walker, Christopher W.; Powell, Jeffrey R.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2469

Cited by 248 publications

(403 citation statements)

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“…Globally widespread by shipping in previous centuries [5], the majority of successful invasive establishments of A. aegypti, especially in tropical regions of Asia and the Americas, are genetically more closely related to the domestic morph [6], with accompanying adaptations such as preferences for human blood and occupancy of man-made containers in their immature stages [4].…”

Section: Attributes Of Invasivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasiveness ofAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusand Vectorial Capacity for Chikungunya Virus

2016

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In this review, we highlight biological characteristics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, 2 invasive mosquito species and primary vectors of chikungunya virus (CHIKV), that set the tone of these species' invasiveness, vector competence, and vectorial capacity (VC). The invasiveness of both species, as well as their public health threats as vectors, is enhanced by preference for human blood. Vector competence, characterized by the efficiency of an ingested arbovirus to replicate and become infectious in the mosquito, depends largely on vector and virus genetics, and most A. aegypti and A. albopictus populations thus far tested confer vector competence for CHIKV. VC, an entomological analog of the pathogen's basic reproductive rate (R 0 ), is epidemiologically more important than vector competence but less frequently measured, owing to challenges in obtaining valid estimates of parameters such as vector survivorship and host feeding rates. Understanding the complexities of these factors will be pivotal in curbing CHIKV transmission.

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Section: Attributes Of Invasivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasiveness ofAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusand Vectorial Capacity for Chikungunya Virus

2016

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“…aegypti como cepa domiciliada tuvo lugar en el norte de África a partir de un ancestro selvático, del cual una población se dividió alopátricamente y se dispersó por el mundo, llegando a América con la trata de esclavos (2,3). Esto ha llevado a la definición de dos grupos divergentes de Ae.…”

Section: S: Número De Sitios Diferenciadoresunclassified

“…aegypti formosus en África y de Ae. aegypti aegypti, que se distribuye en todo el trópico (2). Los haplotipos más comunes encontrados en este estudio se han reportado en otros países de América; sin embargo, también están a pocos pasos de mutaciones de aquellos reportados en África (19), lo cual sugiere que las poblaciones de Ae.…”

Section: S: Número De Sitios Diferenciadoresunclassified

“…El dengue es una enfermedad viral emergente, con un patrón endemo-epidémico en muchas áreas de la región tropical y subtropical (1), lo que en parte se debe a la expansión y adaptación de su vector primario, Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae), en centros urbanos y periurbanos (2,3). Tanto la transmisión de la enfermedad como las densidades del mosquito varían en el tiempo y pueden correlacionarse con el cambio climático (4,5).…”

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Cambios genéticos temporales y micro geográficos de Aedes aegypti de Medellín, Colombia

et al. 2014

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con materiales, reactivos y herramientas analíticas Jorge Mario Cadavid y Winston Rojas: escritura del manuscrito Winston Rojas: supervisión del análisis de datos Todos los autores concibieron y diseñaron los experimentos. Cambios genéticos temporales y microgeográficos de Aedes aegypti en Medellín, Colombia Microgeographic and temporal genetic changes of Aedes aegypti from Medellín, ColombiaIntroduction: Aedes aegypti populations may experience changes in abundance and genetic diversity in addition to changes in their evolutionary capability to respond to vector control. The knowledge on the changes in genetic variation on a spatio-temporal scale improves the epidemiological understanding of dengue and supports the appropriate and timely design of vector control strategies. Objective: To assess the genetic changes, diversity and gene flow in six microgeographical populations of Ae. aegypti in Medellín for different epidemiological periods of dengue. Materials and methods: A total of 255 specimens from six different neighborhoods in Medellín were used to assess variations in the CO1 mtDNA haplotype composition, diversity and genetic differentiation for an epidemic period (2010) and an endemic period (2012). Results: Two groups of highly differentiated haplotypes were present in both periods, and a highfrequency haplotype was assessed for all neighborhoods. The highest haplotype diversity was recorded in 2012, but the maximum nucleotide diversity was recorded in 2010. No significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances was observed. Conclusions:The genetic composition of Ae. aegypti varies over time without a predictable pattern. In addition, the presence of a high-frequency haplotype in both periods could indicate a persistent variation adapted to vector control. However, the simultaneous movement of highly differentiated CO154 Biomédica 2015;35:53-61 Cadavid JM, Rúa G, Campo O, et al. haplotypes compatible with multiple introductions suggests that different gene pools would be suitable for transmission. These results are consistent with mosquito dispersion due to human activities, which would enable the rapid spread of the virus during epidemics in Medellin.

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“…Further support for the existence of two principal clades worldwide is provided from studies in Africa (Brown et al, 2011;Delatte et al, 2011) as well as the New World Scarpassa, Cardoza and Cardoso Junior, 2008).…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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2018

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries.This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.Please cite this publication as: OECD (2018) The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.Photo credits: Cover © Maks Ershov.Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm. © OECD 2018You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of the source and copyright owner(s) is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to rights@oecd.org. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at info@copyright.com or the Centre francais d'exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at contact@cfcopies.com. FOREWORD │ 3SAFETY ASSESSMENTOF TRANSGENIC ORGANISMSIN THE ENVIRONMENT, VOLUME 8 © OECD 2018 ForewordModern biotechnologies are applied to plants species (crops, flowers, trees), animals and micro-organisms. The safety of the resulting transgenic organisms when released in the environment for their use in agriculture, forestry, the food and feed industry or for other applications represents a challenging issue. Genetically engineered products are rigorously assessed by their developers during their elaboration, and by governments when ready for release, to ensure high safety standards. This remains essential with new biotechnology developments using insects to fight against disease outbreaks: engineered mosquitoes need to be evaluated through a scientifically sound approach to risk/safety assessment that will inform biosafety regulators and support the decision concerning the release of these novel organisms in the environment.The OECD offers a long-standing recognised expertise in biosafety and contributes to facilitating an harmonised approach. The OECD's Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology (WG-HROB) was established in 1995. The WG-HROB gathers national authorities responsible for the environmental risk/safety assessment of products of modern biotechnology in OECD countries and other economies. International organisations and experts involved in biosafety activities are a...

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Worldwide patterns of genetic differentiation imply multiple ‘domestications’ ofAedes aegypti, a major vector of human diseases

Cited by 248 publications

References 61 publications

Invasiveness ofAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusand Vectorial Capacity for Chikungunya Virus

Invasiveness ofAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusand Vectorial Capacity for Chikungunya Virus

Cambios genéticos temporales y micro geográficos de Aedes aegypti de Medellín, Colombia

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