Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia

Pan, Chen-Wei; Ramamurthy, Dharani; Saw, Seang‐Mei

doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00884.x

Cited by 731 publications

(625 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Myopia affects about one third of the world population [1]. The intriguing question of the etiology of myopia development has eluded many investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The progression of corrected myopia

Medina

2015

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose This study seeks to demonstrate the existence of a feedback loop controlling myopia by comparing the prediction of a feedback model to the actual progression of corrected myopia. In addition to theoretical results, confirming clinical data are presented. Methods The refraction of 13 continuously corrected myopic eyes was collected over a period of time ranging from 4 to 9 years from the time of their first correction. Refractive data was collected in an optometry office from myopic young subjects from the general population in Boston. Subjects were myopes, ages 2 to 22 at the time of first correction selected randomly from a larger population. All individuals were fully corrected with lenses; new lenses were prescribed every time that their myopia increased by 0.25 diopters or more. Subjects wore their spectacle lenses during the followed period. Results Subjects exhibit a linear time course of myopia progression when corrected with lenses. The observed rate of myopia increase is 0.2 to 1.0 diopters/year, with a mean correlation coefficient r =−0.971, p<0.005. Conclusions This report establishes that feedback control theory applies to the clinical phenomenon of progressive myopia. Continuous correction of myopia results in a linear progression that increases myopia. The Laplace transformation of temporal refractive data to the s-domain simplifies the study of myopia and emmetropia. The feedback transfer function predicts that continuous correction of myopia results in a linear progression because continuous correction opens the feedback loop. This prediction is confirmed with all subjects.

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“…Myopia affects about one third of the world population [1]. The intriguing question of the etiology of myopia development has eluded many investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The progression of corrected myopia

Medina

2015

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…early-onset high myopia | de novo mutations | BSG | rare inherited mutations M yopia is the most common ocular disease, with an increasing global prevalence, especially in East Asia (1)(2)(3). Uncorrected myopia is the leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, according to a report by the World Health Organization (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Trio-based exome sequencing arrests de novo mutations in early-onset high myopia

Jin

Huang

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The etiology of the highly myopic condition has been unclear for decades. We investigated the genetic contributions to early-onset high myopia (EOHM), which is defined as having a refraction of less than or equal to −6 diopters before the age of 6, when children are less likely to be exposed to high educational pressures. Trios (two nonmyopic parents and one child) were examined to uncover pathogenic mutations using whole-exome sequencing. We identified parent-transmitted biallelic mutations or de novo mutations in asyet-unknown or reported genes in 16 probands. Interestingly, an increased rate of de novo mutations was identified in the EOHM patients. Among the newly identified candidate genes, a BSG mutation was identified in one EOHM proband. Expanded screening of 1,040 patients found an additional four mutations in the same gene. Then, we generated Bsg mutant mice to further elucidate the functional impact of this gene and observed typical myopic phenotypes, including an elongated axial length. Using a trio-based exonic screening study in EOHM, we deciphered a prominent role for de novo mutations in EOHM patients without myopic parents. The discovery of a disease gene, BSG, provides insights into myopic development and its etiology, which expands our current understanding of high myopia and might be useful for future treatment and prevention.early-onset high myopia | de novo mutations | BSG | rare inherited mutations

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“…Myopia, the utmost frequent form of refractive error, is a complex characteristic comprising both environmental and genetic factors [1]. Myopia is a reciprocal risk factor for vision loss, and the leading cause of distance vision impairment worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Myopia and its Related Risk Factors among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia

Algorinees

Alqahtani

Aljarbou

et al. 2017

AOVS

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Background: Myopia or near-sightedness is the most frequent cause of vision deterioration with growing burden worldwide. Although myopia is hereditary, nearsightedness is tremendously increasing due to endlessly focusing on close objects. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the burden of nearsightedness and its related risk factors among medical students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

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Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia

Cited by 731 publications

References 85 publications

The progression of corrected myopia

The progression of corrected myopia

Trio-based exome sequencing arrests de novo mutations in early-onset high myopia

Prevalence of Myopia and its Related Risk Factors among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia

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