Worldwide prevalence of fungal coinfections among COVID-19 patients: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Soltani, Saber; Zandi, Milad; Faramarzi, Samireh; Shahbahrami, Ramin; Vali, Mohebat; Rezayat, Sara Akhavan; Pakzad, Reza; Malekifar, Pooneh; Pakzad, Iraj; Jahandoost, Neda; Moludi, Jalal

doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0293

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, COVID-19 has been considered to increase susceptibility to fungal infection in general and more specifically, to candidiasis [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. A recent systematic review estimated the prevalence of fungal infections in COVID-19 patients at 3.7% for aspergillosis, 2.4% for candidiasis and 0.4% for other fungal infections [ 8 ]. In the present study, the rate of Candida spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal infections have been described in patients with COVID-19 and may be associated with high mortality rates in the case of invasive disease, especially in cases of mucormycosis or invasive aspergillosis [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Candidiasis is also a mycotic disease that could also, in specific circumstances, be associated with significant morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19, even though its prevalence among COVID-19 patients is low and is estimated at about 2.4% [ 7 , 8 ]. In the majority of cases, Candida species are isolated from urinary cultures that are of ambiguous significance [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candida Species Isolation from Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19—A Retrospective Study

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has so far led to hundreds of millions of infections and millions of deaths. Fungal infections are known to complicate COVID-19 patients and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of positive cultures for Candida spp. among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, describe their characteristics and identify factors associated with overall mortality in this patient population. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with Candida spp. isolation were retrospectively assessed and their clinical, laboratory and microbiological characteristics were assessed and evaluated. In total, 69 patients with COVID-19 had a positive culture for Candida spp., representing a rate of 4.5% among all hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Their median age was 78 years (IQR 67–85 years) and 44.9% were male. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and Candida spp. isolation who died were older, were more likely to have a diagnosis of dementia, and had higher Charlson comorbidity index, higher Candida score and higher 4C score. Candida score was identified with a multivariate logistic regression analysis model to be independently associated with mortality. The most commonly identified Candida species was C. albicans, followed by C. tropicalis and C. glabrata and the most common source was the urine, even though in most cases the positive culture was not associated with a true infection. Thus, Candida score may be used in COVID-19 patients with isolation of Candida spp. from different body specimens for mortality risk stratification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida Species Isolation from Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19—A Retrospective Study

et al. 2022

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“…All data used in this study were analyzed using Stata software 14.0 (College Station, Texas, USA). The number of brucellosis cases and sample size were considered the same as in previous studies ( 21 , 22 ). Heterogeneity and heterogeneity quantification were determined with the aid of Cochran's Q -test and I 2 index, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, diagnosis, and manifestations of brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesBrucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases common between humans and animals. Despite eradication efforts, the burden of the disease is well-known in endemic countries and in countries where brucellosis has not been an important health issue until recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, diagnosis, and manifestations of brucellosis.MethodsIn this study, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google scholar databases were systematically searched to find studies published from 2011 to 2021. The search was conducted using text words and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Terms on the prevalence of brucellosis. Stata software 14.0 was used for all analyses.ResultsBased on the results, the pooled prevalence of brucellosis was 15.27% (95% CI: 9.68–21.86; heterogeneity I2 index: 97.43; p < 0.001) for man and 15.33% (95% CI: 7.19–25.75; heterogeneity I2 index: 98.19; p < 0.001) for woman. Age (coefficient: 0.240; p = 0.480), gender (coefficient: −0.017; p = 0.800), and publication year (coefficient: 0.114; p = 0.861) showed no significant effect on heterogeneity among studies. Egger's test indicated a significant publication bias for the prevalence of brucellosis (coefficient 3.894; p < 0.001). Moreover, the trim-and-fill method exhibited that the adjusted prevalence of brucellosis (18.30%, 95% CI: 14.10–22.52) was not significantly different from the original prevalence of brucellosis.ConclusionThe pooled estimate for brucellosis prevalence was estimated as 15.53%. To better understand the epidemiology of brucellosis globally, more extensive studies are needed to be conducted throughout the world, especially in developing and low-income countries.

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“…In a meta-analysis that included 2246 cases of COVID-19 coinfection, Soltani et al (11) reported that 78-123 per 1000 patients had a fungal coinfection. The most common fungal microorganism was Aspergillus, with a prevalence of 3.71%, followed by Candida with a prevalence of 2.39%.…”

Section: Zha Et Al (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature cited in this article was published within the previous 3 years and was selected primarily from the PubMed database based on a keyword search using "coronavirus," " COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "pandemic," and "coinfection." long hospital stay, severe sepsis, use of a mechanical ventilator, corticosteroid use, and chemotherapy (10,11). Conditions such as diabetes, steroid-induced hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, a high ferritin level, the severity of COVID-19, and hypoxia can create a favorable environment for opportunistic infections, especially the development of spores and mucormycosis (12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on COVID-19 Coinfection

Şeker¹

2022

Erciyes Med J

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World Health Organization data indicate that as of April 2022, 6.2 million deaths have been reported worldwide due to coronavirus disease 2019 . In Türkiye, official statistics indicate some 15 million cases and a death toll of 98,660. It is important that clinicians consider the possibility of the co-occurrence of other respiratory microorganisms with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the virus that causes COVID-19, when managing treatment, particularly severe COVID-19 patients. The burden and effect of a secondary infection may be significant, especially in patients with chronic disease and advanced age. Proper attention to potential coinfections can prevent COVID-19 progression and the development of complications.

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Worldwide prevalence of fungal coinfections among COVID-19 patients: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Candida Species Isolation from Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19—A Retrospective Study

Candida Species Isolation from Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19—A Retrospective Study

Prevalence, diagnosis, and manifestations of brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Update on COVID-19 Coinfection

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