Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Association between serum vitamin A and body mass index in adolescents from NHANES 1999 to 2006

“…Besides, higher serum vitamin A in the oldest age group had observed higher BMI trends in our study. Similarly, previous studies have shown that age may be a highlighting factor that influences BMI due to various physiological and lifestyle factors, such as changes in body composition, metabolic changes, physical activity levels, nutritional changes, health conditions and medication use 31 – 33 . Furthermore, sex-stratified analyses showed that overall obesity risk still increased with increasing vitamin A levels in both male and female participants, which was contrary to our study.…”

Guidance on paediatric nutrition should follow quality standards and be evidence based: concerns regarding the recent WHO guideline on complementary feeding

“…These conclusions contradict the data from the cited underlying reviews showing that infants fed cows' milk have increased risks of iron deficiency, lower haemoglobin, anaemia and gastrointestinal blood loss, while young children fed nutrient fortified milks or formulas have benefits for nutrient status, for example iron, zinc and vitamin D, as well as haemoglobin levels and prevalence of anaemia. The guideline also ignored the available evidence on adverse effects of feeding animal milks to infants and young children by leading to very high animal protein intakes associated with excessive weight gain and an increased risk of later adiposity and obesity [6][7][8], both in high-income countries and in low and middle-income populations suffering from the double burden of both high rates of stunting and the currently rapidly increasing obesity prevalence [9]. While the WHO recommendation on providing unmodified animal milks in early life may be justified for specific populations where animal milks are the only acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and well tolerated feeding option other than breastfeeding, applying these recommendations to all populations worldwide bears the real risk of adversely affecting child health.…”

Social Media in the Management of Obesity and Diabetes: An Underutilised Population Educational Tool

“…Obesity and diabetes are increasingly prevalent chronic conditions worldwide, commonly affecting patients in combination as part of the metabolic syndrome. Epidemiological studies show that over a billion people worldwide are now suffering from obesity—16% of the population in 2022 [ 1 ], with diabetes affecting 10.5% in 2021 [ 2 ]. The estimated annual National Health Service (NHS) spend on obesity-related disease is £6.5 billion [ 3 ], an astounding figure.…”