Worse sleep and increased energy expenditure yet no movement changes in sub-urban wild boar experiencing an influx of human visitors (anthropulse) during the COVID-19 pandemic

Olejarz, Astrid; Faltusová, Monika; Börger, Luca; Güldenpfennig, Justine; Jarský, Vilém; Ježek, Miloš; Mortlock, Euan; Silovský, Václav; Podgórski, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163106

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Urban ecology is important for addressing global biodiversity issues [6]. In urban areas, wildlife is influenced not only by habitat changes, but also by a wide range of human outdoor activities [36]. However, while many drivers of biodiversity change in urban landscapes have recently been analyzed worldwide [3], the influence of COVID-19 is still under investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in Chile has shown an increase in sightings of carnivores in urban environments [35], unexpected impacts of human activities on adaptive species such as wild boar (Sus scrofa) in peri-urban habitats near Prague in the Czech Republic [36], or whitetailed deer (Cervus nippon) in the Nara Park in central Japan [37]. Although the range of movement and road avoidance behavior was highly individual, it was assumed that landscape permeability is higher in tightly locked areas characterized by limited human movement [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mammal Roadkills in Lithuanian Urban Areas: A 15-Year Study

Balčiauskas,

Kučas,

Balčiauskienė

2023

Animals

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We investigated roadkills in urban areas in Lithuania from 2007 to 2022, including two periods with COVID-19 restrictions on people’s movement. We analyzed the proportions of wild and domestic animals in roadkill, annual trends, the predominant species involved, and monthly changes during the restrictions. Urban roads were characterized by a low species diversity of roadkilled mammals, with roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) dominating. Total numbers increased exponentially during the study period. The proportion of domestic animals, 12.2%, significantly exceeded that on non-urban roads in the country. The proportion of domestic animals decreased from over 40% in 2007–2009 to 3.7–5.4% in 2020–2022, while the proportion of wild mammals increased from 36.1–39.6% to 89.9–90.6%, respectively. During the periods of COVID-19 restrictions, the number of roadkills in urban areas was significantly higher than expected based on long-term trends. Compared to 2019, the number of roadkilled roe deer in 2020–2021 almost doubled from 700 to 1281–1325 individuals. These anthropause effects were, however, temporary. The imbalance between the roadkill number and transport intensity might require new mitigation strategies to sustain mammal populations in urban areas, at least through improving driver awareness on the issue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammal Roadkills in Lithuanian Urban Areas: A 15-Year Study

Balčiauskas,

Kučas,

Balčiauskienė

2023

Animals

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“…Nevertheless, a substantial decrease in the number of visitors is anticipated in some forest areas during COVID-19 restrictions, which can lead to different actions of the forest owners. For instance, a decrease in forest visitors could alter wild animal behavior ( 70 ), which might negatively affect the growth of forest plants. The pandemic is also expected to cause a shift in public preferences and perception of the forest’s performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From recreational to income-generating opportunities: assessment of public preferences for non-wood forest products in the Czech Republic

Purwestri,

Hochmalová,

Hájek

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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With the alarming increase in dying trees and massive logging in the Czech forests due to bark beetle infestation, the collection of non-wood forest products, a beneficial recreational activity in the Czech Republic, is now being promoted as an alternative to wood provisioning services. This paper aims to present findings on the non-wood forest product preferences in the country as part of a baseline assessment for promoting the usage. This study relied on the 2019 national survey data of public preferences in collecting forest berries, mushrooms, honey, and medicinal herbs. K-means cluster analysis was employed to classify the respondents. A binary logistic regression with a conditional forward approach was employed to identify the potential predictors of the high preference for each non-wood forest product. Data from 1,050 online respondents were included, and two groups of respondents were clustered based on their preferences for the entire non-wood forest, i.e., higher and lower utilization. The regression analysis revealed that frequent forest visitors were the primary predictor of high utilization of all non-wood forest products (between 1.437 to 4.579 odd ratios), in addition to age, gender, and location of the forest property. By clustering the respondents based on the high and low preferences in utilizing non-wood forest products, the promotion of this service, from recreational to potential livelihood activities and economic benefits, can be better targeted, e.g., target customer, infrastructure development in the location with high preferences, scenarios based on the type of owners (municipal or private forest owners), which in accordance to the national forest policy and laws, and, at the same time, maintain the ecological stability.

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“…However, whether plasticity in circadian type affects sleep quantity, efficiency and quality is currently unknown. Furthermore, sleep in wild animals may be affected by human disturbance [ 31 ], particularly in nocturnally active species and by predation risk [ 13 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because boar also adjust their activity levels with changing environmental conditions [ 45 , 46 ] we predict that individuals concentrating sleep during light hours sleep longer than those that acquire some of their sleep during darkness. Lastly, we predict that TST and the duration of the longest bout decrease, while fragmentation increases, with disturbance by more human visitors [ 31 ] and the presence of wolves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in the wild: the importance of individual effects and environmental conditions on sleep behaviour in wild boar

Mortlock,

Silovský,

Güldenpfennig

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Sleep serves vital physiological functions, yet how sleep in wild animals is influenced by environmental conditions is poorly understood. Here we use high-resolution biologgers to investigate sleep in wild animals over ecologically relevant time scales and quantify variability between individuals under changing conditions. We developed a robust classification for accelerometer data and measured multiple dimensions of sleep in the wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) over an annual cycle. In support of the hypothesis that environmental conditions determine thermoregulatory challenges, which regulate sleep, we show that sleep quantity, efficiency and quality are reduced on warmer days, sleep is less fragmented in longer and more humid days, while greater snow cover and rainfall promote sleep quality. Importantly, this longest and most detailed analysis of sleep in wild animals to date reveals large inter- and intra-individual variation. Specifically, short-sleepers sleep up to 46% less than long-sleepers but do not compensate for their short sleep through greater plasticity or quality, suggesting they may pay higher costs of sleep deprivation. Given the major role of sleep in health, our results suggest that global warming and the associated increase in extreme climatic events are likely to negatively impact sleep, and consequently health, in wildlife, particularly in nocturnal animals.

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Worse sleep and increased energy expenditure yet no movement changes in sub-urban wild boar experiencing an influx of human visitors (anthropulse) during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Mammal Roadkills in Lithuanian Urban Areas: A 15-Year Study

Mammal Roadkills in Lithuanian Urban Areas: A 15-Year Study

From recreational to income-generating opportunities: assessment of public preferences for non-wood forest products in the Czech Republic

Sleep in the wild: the importance of individual effects and environmental conditions on sleep behaviour in wild boar

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