Worsening Trends in Adult Health-Related Quality of Life and Self-Rated Health—United States, 1993–2001

Zack, Matthew M.; Moriarty, David G.; Stroup, Donna F.; Ford, Earl S.; Mokdad, Ali H.

doi:10.1016/j.phr.2004.07.007

Cited by 132 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This finding is consistent with CDC studies that show that both smoking attributed mortality and YPLL due to smoking among U.S. adults have decreased in recent years [2,3], probably because life expectancy had increased and because smoking prevalence had declined in nearly all population subgroups [8,23,24]. Meanwhile, HRQOL in U.S. adults had also declined thus increasing QALE loss due to morbidity [25]. If the adult smoking prevalence remains constant, then the health burden of smoking to U.S. population would remain stable because the observed increasing effects of smoking on morbidity would offset the decreases related to mortality [4].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss due to smoking in the United States

et al. 2012

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Purpose-Estimate quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss due to smoking and examine trends and state differences in smoking-related QALE loss in the U.S.Methods-Population health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores were estimated from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. This study constructed life tables based on U.S. mortality files and the mortality linked National Health Interview Survey and calculated QALE for smokers, non-smokers, and the total population. Results-In 2009, an 18-year-old smoker was expected to have 43.5 (SE = 0.2) more years of QALE, and a non-smoker of the same age was expected to have 54.6 (SE = 0.2) more years of QALE. Therefore, smoking contributed 11.0 (SE = 0.2) years of QALE loss for smokers and 4.1 years (37%) of this loss resulted from reductions in HRQOL alone. At the population level, smoking was associated with 1.9 fewer years of QALE for U.S. adults throughout their lifetime, starting at age 18.Conclusions-This study demonstrates an application of a recently developed QALE estimation methodology. The analyses show good precision and relatively small bias in estimating QALEespecially at the individual level. Although smokers may live longer today than before, they still have a high disease burden due to morbidities associated with poor HRQOL.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss due to smoking in the United States

et al. 2012

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“…This pattern of HRQOL declining over time is consistent with findings from other investigators in the USA and abroad. [33][34][35][36] Understanding the deterioration of HRQOL in light of increasing life expectancy is crucial, given the aging of the population and the overarching goals of Healthy People. 10 A number of explanations have been provided for these findings, including an increased prevalence of obesity, increases in non-fatal conditions, and technological advances in medicine that offer lifesaving treatments for persons in poor health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Quality of Life, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, and Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy in New York City from 1995 to 2006

Lubetkin

Jia

2009

J Urban Health

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We applied our previously developed estimation equation to predict EQ-5D index scores from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Healthy Days measures for the New York City (NYC) adult population from 1995 to 2006 and compared these trends over time with the US general population. Such scores enabled us to examine the burden of disease attributable to smoking and overweight/obesity at both the local and national levels. We employed the estimation equation to the 1993-2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to obtain EQ-5D index scores for all survey respondents based on their age, self-rated health status, and overall number of unhealthy days. With the combination of mortality data, we calculated trends of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), life expectancy (LE), and quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) as well as the percent of QALYs and QALE lost contributed by smoking and overweight/obesity. Mean EQ-5D index scores for NYC adults decreased from 0.874 to 0.852 but, more recently, have increased to 0.869. The LE of an 18-year-old living in NYC increased 4.7 years and QALE increased 2.6 years. The contribution of smoking to the proportion of QALYs lost decreased from 6.7% to 3.5%, while the contribution of overweight/obesity to the proportion of QALYs lost increased from 4.5% to 16.9%. The proportion of QALEs lost due to smoking decreased from 5.5% to 4.5%, while the proportion of QALEs lost due to overweight/obesity increased from 3.5% to 11.8%. Because the Healthy Days measures have been included in the BRFSS since 1993, translating Healthy Days Measures to a preference-based measure is a useful method for longitudinal tracking of population health at the local, state, and national level.

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“…It has been recognized that women in defined age groups often report poor quality of life 27,28) . Nonetheless, there is still no consensus regarding the association between poor quality of life and gender in studies in which the SF-12 has been used 16,29) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health‐related quality of life and working conditions on public transport workers in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2012

Silva

Assunção

2015

Journal of Occupational Health

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Health‐related quality of life and working conditions on public transport workers in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2012: Luiz Sérgio SILVA, et al. School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil— Objectives Drivers and conductors working in public transport are frequently exposed to inadequate working conditions and consequently to health problems relating to their work activities. This study investigates the relationship between the working conditions of drivers and conductors in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte and their perception of health‐related quality of life. Method Health‐related quality of life was measured in a sample of 1,607 public transport workers in the city of Belo Horizonte using the SF‐12 (Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form General Health Survey). The presence and magnitude of independent associations between the SF‐12 domains and the exposure variables were determined by means of odds ratios obtained through logistic regression. Results After adjustments, the PCS (Physical Component Score) was found to be negatively associated with the existence of breaks during the working day and positively associated with unavailability of technical resources for meeting needs. The MCS (Mental Component Score) was positively associated with being female, having two or more medical diagnoses of illnesses, absenteeism and recent episodes of aggression or threats, and feeling vibration in the whole body. The MCS was negatively associated with the practice of physical exercise. Both components were negatively associated with older age and positively associated with having a poor self‐assessment of health. Conclusions Exposure to a variety of risk factors while performing work worsened health‐related quality of life. The results obtained may provide support for rethinking and guiding public policies directed towards metropolitan populations.

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Worsening Trends in Adult Health-Related Quality of Life and Self-Rated Health—United States, 1993–2001

Cited by 132 publications

References 34 publications

Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss due to smoking in the United States

Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) loss due to smoking in the United States

Health-Related Quality of Life, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, and Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy in New York City from 1995 to 2006

Health‐related quality of life and working conditions on public transport workers in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2012

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