Wound Dressings Based on Chitosan-Dialdehyde Cellulose Nanocrystals-Silver Nanoparticles: Mechanical Strength, Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity

Abstract

The present work envisages a simple approach to synthesize a new wound dressing based on chitosan-dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal-silver nanoparticles (CS-DCNC-AgNPs). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were generated in-situ by periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals to generate aldehyde functions, which were used to reduce Ag + into Ag 0 in mild alkaline conditions. Subsequently, the dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal-silver nanoparticles (DCNC-AgNPs) were added to chitosan (CS) to form the wound dressings by solution casting method. The aim was to enhance the antibacterial effect of CS by incorporation of AgNPs and to improve the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of CS by incorporation of DCNC that cross-linked by hydrogen bonds. The antibacterial activities were evaluated against five gram-negative bacteria, one gram-positive bacteria, and three fungi. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed using the NIH3T3 cell lines by Sulforhodamine B assay. Research outputs signified that CS-DCNC-AgNPs possessed good mechanical strength and hydrophobicity, high antibacterial activity and less cytotoxicity. Our results propose that CS-DCNC-AgNPs can be a promising, safe antibacterial to be incorporated in wound dressings.

Preparation of Chitosan-Cellulose Composite Beads Using Cellulose Isolated From Sugarcane Bagasse

“…Diffractogram of chitosan-cellulose composite beads shows combination of XRD patterns of chitosan and cellulose, where peaks appear at 2 = 15, 20 and 23 with lower intensity and broader peaks than chitosan and cellulose. The similar results have also been reported by Lin et al [19] and Dong et al [20]. In addition, the decrease in intensity is due to cellulose chain binds to immobilized chitosan.…”

Fabrication of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver/Alginate Bionanocomposite Films with Enhanced Mechanical and Barrier Properties for Food Packaging Application

“…The CNC has been reported, playing as nanofiller, to increase the mechanical, and water barrier properties of Alg films for packaging application [30,31]. Dong et al [32] used CNC/Ag to improve the tensile and antimicrobial properties of chitosan. Yang et al [33] fabricated AgNPs-bacterial cellulose (BC)/Alg composite by immersing BC/Alg template into AgNO 3 solution.…”

Synthesis and characterization of dialdehyde cellulose nanofibers from O. sativa husks

“…Oxidation of cellulose by periodate ion is selective to C 2 and C 3 carbon atoms alone hence an OH vibration frequency of the C 6 carbon can be observed in the IR spectrum though the intensity decreased with a subsequent increase in the oxidant concentration. This is an indication that C 6 OH group in dialdehyde cellulose isn't oxidized by periodate hence leaving room for further functionalization of dialdehyde cellulose [4,10,29]. Subsequently, the aldehyde vibrational frequency observed at 1722 cm −1 increased with a subsequent increase in the oxidant concentration until it reached the cellulose to oxidant concentration of 3.48 mmol/g cellulose, after which the vibrational frequency started to decrease (Fig.…”

“…This makes dialdehyde cellulose an interesting candidate for covalent immobilization of high molecular weight nitrogenous compounds such as polypeptides and proteins such as antibodies, enzymes, gelatin, collagen and chitosan [6][7][8]. Immobilization of these nitrogenous compounds can be employed in waste water treatment [9], wound dressings [10], biochemical sensors [11], drug delivery [12], surgical materials [13], and tissue scaffolds [14]. The aim of this study was to investigate changes that occur in cellulose extracted from rice husks after periodate oxidation for the preparation of films with potential application in wound dressings.…”