Wound-induced expression of a potato proteinase inhibitor II gene in transgenic tobacco plants

Sánchez‐Serrano, José J.; Keil, Michael; O’Connor, Aileen; Schell, Jeff; Willmitzer, Lothar

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb04754.x

Cited by 93 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…3 and 4; 17). The expression of the proteinase inhibitor genes is particularly interesting because it is organ specific: the same proteinase inhibitor genes which are induced by wounding in potato leaves and stems (4,27) and which accumulate during the tuberization process (12), are not expressed in wounded tubers (12). Indeed, the proteinase inhibitor RNA which is present in mature tubers is rapidly degraded within 6 h of wounding (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoxic Stress Inhibits Multiple Aspects of the Potato Tuber Wound Response

Butler¹,

Cook²,

Vayda³

1990

Plant Physiol.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers subjected to wounding under hypoxic stress do not synthesize RNA species that are induced in response to wounding in aerobic conditions. Further, wound-response proteins fail to be synthesized when wounded tubers are transferred to hypoxic conditions although messenger RNAs which encode them persist for many hours after transfer.Hypoxic stress also prevents the incorporation of [3HJthymidine by wounded tubers that occurs in aerobic conditions. In contrast, hypoxic tubers accumulate and translate transcripts of genes whose products are involved in anaerobic metabolism whether or not they are wounded. Both the hypoxic response and the aerobic wound response preclude the synthesis of proteins encoded by messenger RNAs which accumulated during the tubenzation process and which can be translated in vitro. Finally, wounding elicits the degradation of a subset of these tuberization-associated transcripts. These data indicate a complex and precise regulation of gene expression at several levels of macromolecular synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, closed circles). protein (21,22,24) and the protease inhibitor II protein (9,12,27), are present in tubers for many months after harvest, but disappear within 6 h of the wounding event (Fig. 3 Figure 1, and hybridized to the 18S rDNA probe.…”

Section: Markers Of the Aerobic Wound Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxic Stress Inhibits Multiple Aspects of the Potato Tuber Wound Response

Butler¹,

Cook²,

Vayda³

1990

Plant Physiol.

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“…Members of three families of woundinducible proteinase inhibitors, inhibitors I and II from Solanaceae and alfalfa trypsin inhibitor from Fabaceae, and their cDNAs and genes, have been extensively characterized (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Proteinase inhibitors I and II are regulated at the transcriptional level in response to wounding (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interplant communication: airborne methyl jasmonate induces synthesis of proteinase inhibitors in plant leaves.

Farmer

Ryan

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,237

695

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Inducible defensive responses in plants are known to be activated locally and systemically by signaling molecules that are produced at sites of pathogen or insect attacks, but only one chemical signal, ethylene, is known to travel through the atmosphere to activate plant defensive genes. Methyl jasmonate, a common plant secondary compound, when applied to surfaces of tomato plants, induces the synthesis of defensive proteinase inhibitor proteins in the treated plants and in nearby plants as well. The presence of methyl jasmonate in the atmosphere of chambers containing plants from three species of two families, Solanaceae and Fabaceae, results in the accumulation of proteinase inhibitors in leaves of all three species. When sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata, a plant shown to possess methyl jasmonate in leaf surface structures, is incubated in chambers with tomato plants, proteinase inhibitor accumulation is induced in the tomato leaves, demonstrating that interplant communication can occur from leaves ofone species of plant to leaves of another species to activate the expression of defensive genes.

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“…They are believed to be the signal which interacts with unwounded cells in an as yet undetermined manner to induce the de novo synthesis of proteinase inhibitor mRNA and protein (9). These genes have been used in whole plants to express the native inhibitors (17) or foreign proteins (18) under wound-inducible control allowing examination of the mechanisms of pin2 gene activation. The present study was undertaken to better define how plants express biochemical defensive proteins in response to insect attack.…”

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Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase (CAT) Protein Is Expressed in Transgenic Tobacco in Field Tests following Attack by Insects

Thornburg¹,

Kernan²,

Molin³

1990

Plant Physiol.

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The expression of chloramphenical acetyl transferase (CAT) protein driven by the wound-inducible promoter from the proteinase inhibitor 11 K (pin2) gene was examined in whole tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants under field conditions. Mechanical wounding of the field-grown leaves caused an accumulation of CAT protein in these leaves which begins several hours after wounding and continues to accumulate for about 36 hours. When sections of leaves were assayed for accumulation of CAT protein following wounding, the CAT protein was found to accumulate in the apical portions of the leaves. When endogenous insects attacked the leaves of transgenic plants grown in the field, the plants responded by inducing CAT protein. The mesophyll cells of the leaf were the site of expression of the CAT protein rather than the mid-vein or major veins within the leaf blade, indicating that the wound-inducible pin2 promoter specifically directs the synthesis of novel genes in tissues preferentially consumed by larval insects.are then free to act on their substrates, the plants' cell walls, to release small mol wt oligosaccharides (1,2,16). These oligosaccharides have been termed PIIF2. They are believed to be the signal which interacts with unwounded cells in an as yet undetermined manner to induce the de novo synthesis of proteinase inhibitor mRNA and protein (9). These genes have been used in whole plants to express the native inhibitors (17) or foreign proteins (18) One particular biochemical defense system utilized by plants against insects is directed against the digestive enzymes located in the insect gut. This system of proteinase inhibitors occurs in the seeds of almost all plant species ( 11) and in the foliage of solanaceous (potatoes and tomatoes) (10, 14) and leguminous (alfalfa) (6) plants.In response to insect attack, tomatoes and potatoes activate quiescent genes, which leads to the accumulation of at least two small protein families. The activation of these genes is complex and incompletely understood. Initially, wounding disrupts cells and specific enzymes, polygalacturonases, are released to the extracellular milieu. These polygalacturonases 'This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (87-CRCR-1-2518), the State of Iowa, and the Iowa Biotechnology Council. PlantsTobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv Xanthi) plants transformed with a chimeric pin2-CA T construction were previously described (18). One line, Tr25, showed high levels of wound-inducible CAT activity and was chosen for further analysis. This line was made homozygous by self-fertilizing the plants. Selfed progeny in the R1 and R2 generations of Tr25 were grown on Murashige-Skoog (13) solid medium containing 200 gg/ml kanamycin. Since the pin2-CA T gene fusion is physically linked to a dominant kanamycin selectable marker (only 2.7 kb separates these genes), a test for a kanamycin resistance provides a good measure of the presence of the linked pin2-CA T gene. The R1 progeny segregated in a 3:1 ratio, indicating that the...

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Wound-induced expression of a potato proteinase inhibitor II gene in transgenic tobacco plants

Cited by 93 publications

References 15 publications

Hypoxic Stress Inhibits Multiple Aspects of the Potato Tuber Wound Response

Hypoxic Stress Inhibits Multiple Aspects of the Potato Tuber Wound Response

Interplant communication: airborne methyl jasmonate induces synthesis of proteinase inhibitors in plant leaves.

Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase (CAT) Protein Is Expressed in Transgenic Tobacco in Field Tests following Attack by Insects

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