Wound infection in surgery department in BSMMU: A study of 100 cases

Abstract

Background Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common nosocomial infection in surgical patients, accounting for 38% of all such infections, and are a significant source of postoperative morbidity resulting in increased hospital length of stay and increased cost. Objectives To find out the incidence of wound infection in patients following elective surgery and the most likely causative organisms and their resistance pattern. Methods Prospective data were collected on 496 surgical patients admitted in the surgery department in BSMMU from January 2010 to June 2010. All preoperative risk factors were evaluated. Patients operated were followed in the post operative period and if any wound infection noted, swab from the site of infection was sent for culture and sensitivity and antibiotics were given accordingly. Results Following 496 elective operations 20.16 % patients developed wound infection. Highest numbers of infection were seen in the fifth decade with slight female preponderance. Wound infection progressively rises with the degree of contamination and increasing operative time. The common risk factors for development of surgical wound infection were anemia (52%), malnutrition (44%), diabetes (38%), jaundice (30%), contaminated operation (44%) dirty operation (38 %), obesity and smoking. The most predominant isolated organism was Escherichia coli (43%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (33%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%). Ceftriaxone still remains the most effective antibiotic although the incidence of resistance is rising. Conclusion Despite a good numbers of variables influence surgical site infections; it is still possible to reduce the infection rate by correcting modifiable risk factors, reducing degree of contamination and duration of operation. To battle the emerging resistance of pathogens a definitive guideline is essential. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v24i2.19804 Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2011; 24(2): 65-69

Pattern and aetiological factors of surgical site infection among patients undergone surgery in a tertiary care hospital

“…This is higher than that of Sickder et al (14.13%) but lower than that of Mawalla et al (26%) but very similar to the study done by Nur-e-elahi and colleagues in BSMMU (20.16%). [14][15][16][17][18] In our study 73% SSIs were superficial infections and 27% were deep. In comparison of another study, done by Sickder and colleagues, 58.1% SSIs were superficial and 41.9% were deep.…”

“…This corresponded with the findings of Nur-e-elahi et al in BSMMU. 16 In their study highest number of infections were noted in fifth decade of life.…”

“…This is similar to the findings of Sickder and Nur-e-elahi in Bangladesh but was not consistent to the findings of Mawalla in Tanzania and Kumar and Rai in India who reported a female predominance. [14][15][16][17][18] In this study most of the patients came from rural area (61%). This corresponds with national distribution of population in rural and urban areas.…”

Outcome of Surgical Site Infection in General Surgical Practice in a District Hospital

“…15,16,17 Nur-e-Elahi M et al found 20.16% SSI incidence rate in surgery department of BSMMU, which is almost similar to this study. 18 In 2018, a comparative study in two tertiary care hospitals in Dhaka reported rates of only 3.0-8.92%. 19 Another study conducted in both general surgery and orthopedic ward in a tertiary care center in Barisal found overall prevalence rate of 14.3%.…”

Antibiotic Sensitivity and Virulence Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Surgical Site Infection

“…There is no conclusive reported information available in Bangladesh as to the percentage of SSI incidents each year and the types of surgical wound involved in every case. However, generally, there are information of such infections that predisposes heavy burden of morbidity with subsequent financial expenses 6 . The present study carried out a research on the presence and comparative prevalence of a few important virulence genes and drug resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from surgical site infections and tried to correlate these two results.…”