Wound signaling: The missing link in plant regeneration

Abstract

Wounding is the first event that occurs in plant regeneration. However, wound signaling in plant regeneration is barely understood. Using a simple system of de novo root organogenesis from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants, we analyzed the genes downstream of wound signaling. Leaf explants may produce at least two kinds of wound signals to trigger short-term and long-term wound signaling. Short-term wound signaling is primarily involved in controlling auxin behavior and the fate transition of regenerationcompetent cells, while long-term wound signaling mainly modulates the cellular environment at the wound site and maintains the auxin level in regeneration-competent cells. YUCCA (YUC) genes, which are involved in auxin biogenesis, are targets of short-term wound signaling in mesophyll cells and of longterm wound signaling in regeneration-competent cells. The expression patterns of YUCs provide important information about the molecular basis of wound signaling in plant regeneration.

Auxin Control of Root Organogenesis from Callus in Tissue Culture

“…Here, we summarize the four steps of cell fate transition involved in direct DNRR from leaf explants together with adventitious rooting in other systems (Figure 1G ). In the first step “priming,” the endogenous auxin is transported into regeneration-competent cells (i.e., procambium and vascular parenchyma cells) in the vasculature near the wound and activates WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX11 ( WOX11 ) expression for the fate transition from regeneration-competent cells to root founder cells (Liu et al, 2014 ; Chen et al, 2016a , b ). In the second step “initiation,” WOX11 and auxin coordinately activate WOX5 and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN16 ( LBD16 ) expression for the fate transition from root founder cells to root primordium (Liu et al, 2014 ; Hu and Xu, 2016 ; Sheng et al, 2017 ).…”

The Harvest Season Changes the Organoleptic Properties of Onion during Storage

“…The increase in TSS in T2 and T3, being abrupt between 60 and 90 days can be explained by the fact that the bulbs of these treatments were collected with natural popping, indicating, theoretically, physiological maturity. The accumulation of sugars in this case would serve as an energy source for onion regrowth [29,30,31], explaining the accumulation at the end of storage. Non-structural sugars represent an important carbohydrate reserve in most onion bulbs and are generally enzymatically hydrolyzed to fructose during the storage period and are responsible for the concomitant increase in fructose concentration.…”

“…In addition to energy transfer in plants, carbohydrates are also involved in the regulation of gene expression [28]. Starch or any other carbohydrate from the raffinose group was not detected on onions [29]. The reduction in TSS of T1 during storage is due to the increased catabolism of carbohydrates by respiration, due to the stress caused by the manual tipping of the pseudo-stems.…”

AP2/ERF Transcription Factors Integrate Age and Wound Signals for Root Regeneration

“…One of the primary events of the response to wounding that occur at the wounded site is the burst of JA (Savatin et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2016a;Hilleary and Gilroy, 2018). Our GO analyses revealed that SPL10 represses JA signaling and biosynthesis during root regeneration.…”