Wrist Rehabilitation System Using Augmented Reality for Hemiplegic Stroke Patient Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Study

Abstract

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the effect of the rehabilitation system using augmented reality (AR) on upper extremity motor performance of patients with stroke. Methods: The system using AR applying mirror therapy mechanism provides the intervention protocol for the patient with hemiplegia after stroke. The system consists of a patient positioning tool (a chair), a white surface table, an image acquisition unit, an image processing unit, an image displaying unit, an arm holder, a Velcro-strap, and two blue circle stickers. To assess the feasibility of our system in motor function recovery, a stroke patient was recruited to receive the AR intervention. The treatment was performed two times a day for ten minutes over two weeks (ten days of treating weeks), except for the time of installation, calibration, and three minute breaks. Jebsen Taylor hand function test and Arm Motor Fugl-Meyer assessment were used as primary and secondary outcome measures, respectively, to evaluate the effect of motor function recovery. Additionally, stroke impact scale, Korean version-Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), active range of motion of wrist joint (ROM), and the grasp force in Newtons were measured. Participants’ feedback and adverse effects were recorded as well. Results: Motor function improvements were exhibited in wrist and hand subtest of Arm Motor Fugl-Meyer (baseline: 19; post-intervention: 23), proximal arm subtest of Fugl-Meyer (baseline: 31; post-intervention: 34), ROM (extending ROM: 10° and 3° for flexion and extension, repeatedly), stroke impact scale (baseline: 46; post-intervention: 54), K-MBI (baseline: 92; post-intervention: 95), nine-hole pegboard (baseline: 30 s; post-intervention: 25 s), and grasp force in Newtons (baseline: 12.7; post-intervention: 17.7). However, the adverse effects were reported after the intervention. Conclusion: The system using AR applying mirror therapy mechanism demonstrated the feasibility in motor function recovery for the stroke patient.

A New Wrist–Forearm Rehabilitation Protocol Integrating Human Biomechanics and SVM-Based Machine Learning for Muscle Fatigue Estimation

“…In many articles on robotic rehabilitation, the human joint model has not been taken into account in the robot control architecture [28][29][30]. On the other hand, there are rare investigations that focus on the subject of fatigue during rehabilitation, whose authors try to interpret this fatigue by detecting muscle contractions [31,32].…”

Effectiveness of Augmented Reality in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Meta-Analysis

“…The first reason is that AR systems employ important factors for promoting neuroplasticity such as repetition, intensity, and task-oriented training in the paretic extremity, which induces improvement in stroke rehabilitation. Moreover, the AR rehabilitation systems provide a sense of realism to the patients during the exercising process [29,37,42,43] based on the range of sensory feedback provided by the AR systems. Various exercises in AR systems are another reason for the positive responses.…”

Um jogo sério baseado em gestos para a reabilitação motora de membros superiores

“…Ao usar componentes lúdicos e interativos, os jogos sérios vão além do simples entretenimento (Laamarti et al, 2014), eles aumentam a experiência do usuário em contextos específicos como bem-estar, educação e saúde (Giessen, 2015). Por meio dessa abordagem, juntamente com tecnologias de interfaces de realidade virtual (Soares et al, 2020), é possível criar ambientes interativos e individualizados nos quais a prática intensa das atividades de reabilitação é executada pelo paciente com motivação e foco, possibilitando uma reabilitação mais rápida e eficiente (Phan et al, 2019). Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 11, e2569119896, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9896 O uso de jogos sérios nos processos de reabilitação física (Martins et al, 2020) e cognitiva (Elaklouk & Zin, 2019) se apresenta como uma técnica complementar às terapias tradicionais, como fisioterapia, hidroterapia e pilates.…”