Wuhu Decoction Regulates Dendritic Cell Autophagy in the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-Induced Mouse Asthma by AMPK/ULK1 Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Background Dendritic cell autophagy plays a pivotal role in asthma. Wuhu decoction can significantly improve respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and delay its development into asthma. The aim of the present study was to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Wuhu decoction on RSV -induced asthma in mice. Material/Methods Establishment of asthmatic mice model was induced by RSV. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, and Masson trichrome staining were performed to observe pathological changes in the lungs. The levels of CD4 + T, CD8 + T, and CD4 + CD25 + T in blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. The contents of interleukin (IL)-4, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-10, and IL-13 in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number of autophagosomes in dendritic cells (DCs) of lung tissue was observed by transmission electron microscope. The DCs of lung tissue were isolated by magnetic bead sorting. The levels of LC3-II, Beclin-1, and LC3-I in DCs and MMP-9, TIMP-1, AMPK, p-AMPK, ULK1, and LK1 expression in lung tissues were detected by western blot. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected the expression of AMPK and ULK1 genes. Results Wuhu decoction can effectively alleviate chronic airway inflammation and airway remodeling and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. Moreover, Wuhu decoction can significantly enhance the level of autophagy in DCs of lung tissue and promote the expression of AMPK and ULK1 in lung tissue. Conclusions Wuhu decoction may improve the RSV-induced asthmatic symptoms by enhancing autophagy of DCs in lung tissue dependent on the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway.

Resveratrol as an anti-asthmatic agent: could this stilbenoid help against COVID-19 in any way? A meta-analysis

“…Evidence for this is that type 2 inflammation occurs in mice with type I IFN receptor deficiency in response to pulmonary eosinophilia and influenza infection in mice (Duerr et al, 2016). Additionally, the results of a series of previous in vitro and in vivo studies in humans and animals for various asthma-related viruses, e.g., rhinovirus, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus, promote this hypothesis (Chen et al, 2019;Han et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2019).…”

Long-chain non-coding RNA n337374 relieves symptoms of respiratory syncytial virus-induced asthma by inhibiting dendritic cell maturation via the CD86 and ERK pathway

“…30 In our previous study, we found that in co-culture with RSV-infected primary rat airway epithelial cells, DCs presented functional maturation with increased expression of surface co-stimulatory molecules MHC II and CD86. 12 We thus speculate that DC maturation may relate to lncRNA n337374 overexpression in RSV-exacerbated asthma. In the present study, we used lncRNA n337374-overexpressing lentiviruses to transfect iMDDCs and achieve lncRNA n337374 overexpression, which were further co-cultured with RSV-infected bronchial epithelial cells.…”

“…11 DCs have been recognized as the most powerful antigen-presenting cells, functioning in the initiation of asthma. 12 It has long been demonstrated that RSV infection leads to DC maturation. 13 In our previous study, we found that primary rat airway epithelial cells exposed to RSVinduced functional maturation of rat myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs).…”

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Reduces Kynurenic Acid Production and Reverses Th17/Treg Balance by Modulating Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Molecules in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells

“…RSV, a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, causes respiratory morbidity in both elderly individuals and infants [ 24 ]. RSV has been shown isocratically to activate human DCs and induce the production of immunomodulatory cytokines [ 25 ], including both the Th1-type cytokine IFN-γ and Th2-type cytokines [ 26 ].…”