Wx gene in diploid wheat: molecular characterization of five novel alleles from einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) and T. urartu

Ortega, Raul; Guzmán, Carlos; Álvarez, José Ramón Guzmán

doi:10.1007/s11032-014-0105-4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…speltoides that some authors have associated with the B genome (see Tsunewaki and Ogihara 1983 for a review). In a recent study, Ortega et al (2014b) analysed Wx gene variation in accessions of these species, together with other diploid Aegilops species (Ae. comosa, Ae.…”

Section: Wx Gene In Wheat Relativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat waxy proteins: polymorphism, molecular characterization and effects on starch properties

Guzmán

Álvarez

2015

Theor Appl Genet

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The starch fraction, comprising about 70% of the total dry matter in the wheat grain, can greatly affect the end-use quality of products made from wheat kernels, especially Asian noodles. Starch is associated with the shelf life and nutritional value (glycaemic index) of different wheat products. Starch quality is closely associated with the ratio of amylose to amylopectin, the two main macromolecules forming starch. In this review, we briefly summarise the discovery of waxy proteins-shown to be the sole enzymes responsible for amylose synthesis in wheat. The review particularly focuses on the different variants of these proteins, together with their molecular characterisation and evaluation of their effects on starch composition. There have been 19 different waxy protein variants described using protein electrophoresis; and at a molecular level 19, 15 and seven alleles described for Wx-A1, Wx-B1 and Wx-D1, respectively. This large variability, found in modern wheat and genetic resources such as wheat ancestors and wild relatives, is in some cases not properly ordered. The proper ordering of all the data generated is the key to enhancing use in breeding programmes of the current variability described, and thus generating wheat with novel starch properties to satisfy the demand of industry and consumers for novel high-quality processed food.

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Section: Wx Gene In Wheat Relativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat waxy proteins: polymorphism, molecular characterization and effects on starch properties

Guzmán

Álvarez

2015

Theor Appl Genet

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“…For the Wx-A1 gene, our previous studies, carried out with cultivated einkorn and T. urartu, had shown that variation in this gene was higher in wild species than in cultivated ones. Ortega et al [60] analyzed the genomic sequences of the Wx-A1 genes, detecting up to five alleles in T. urartu, one of which had previously been described [36], but only one of which was found in the cultivated einkorn accessions analyzed, confirming the findings of Guzmán et al [61]. In general, the studies carried out on this gene in cultivated einkorn have shown that variation is scarce [62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Potential Use of Wild Einkorn Wheat for Wheat Grain Quality Improvement: Evaluation and Characterization of Glu-1, Wx and Ha Loci

et al. 2021

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Wild einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. aegilopoides (Link) Thell.) is a diploid wheat species from the Near East that has been classified as an ancestor of the first cultivated wheat (einkorn; T. monococcum L. ssp. monococcum). Its genome (Am), although it is not the donor of the A genome in polyploid wheat, shows high similarity to the Au genome. An important characteristic for wheat improvement is grain quality, which is associated with three components of the wheat grain: endosperm storage proteins (gluten properties), starch synthases (starch characteristics) and puroindolines (grain hardness). In the current study, these grain quality traits were studied in one collection of wild einkorn with the objective of evaluating its variability with respect to these three traits. The combined use of protein and DNA analyses allows detecting numerous variants for each one of the following genes: six for Ax, seven for Ay, eight for Wx, four for Gsp-1, two for Pina and three for Pinb. The high variability presence in this species suggests its potential as a source of novel alleles that could be used in modern wheat breeding.

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“…The nucleotide sequence diversity of Wx alleles in Taeniatherum species was much higher than that of the Wx alleles in T. urartu and Einkorn wheat (Ortega et al 2014a), but lower than that of the Wx alleles in Aegilops species (Liu et al 2009;Ortega et al 2014b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Two amino acid substitutions with probable adverse effects on protein activity were present in Wx-Ta1, Wx-Ta3, Wx-Ta4, Wx-Ta6, Wx-Ta7, and Wx-Ta8. The Ser to Gly change at position 330 in Wx-Ta1 and the Thr to Ile change at position 444 in Wx-Ta3, Wx-Ta4, Wx-Ta6, Wx-Ta7, and Wx-Ta8 showed a probability of 0.00, suggesting that both mutations will affect protein activity (Table 2 Suppl., Ortega et al 2014b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Wx genes from three Taeniatherum diploid species

Dai¹,

Jiang²,

Jia³

et al. 2016

Biologia plant.

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In wheat seeds, starch synthase I or Waxy protein is the enzyme involved in amylose synthesis. The gene encoding this enzyme is Wx and in this study, eight novel Wx alleles were identified in three diploid Taeniatherum species. The variability of these alleles was evaluated and their nucleotide sequences were compared with those of homologous alleles from wheat. Two types of Taeniatherum Wx alleles were detected in the three diploid species Ta. caputmedusae, Ta. asperum, and Ta. crinitum. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that Taeniatherum Wx alleles were more closely related to Wx alleles from Aegilops species with C, D, M, and U genomes than to Wx alleles of other species. These alleles represent a potential genetic resource that may be useful in wheat breeding programs.

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Wx gene in diploid wheat: molecular characterization of five novel alleles from einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) and T. urartu

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Wheat waxy proteins: polymorphism, molecular characterization and effects on starch properties

Wheat waxy proteins: polymorphism, molecular characterization and effects on starch properties

Potential Use of Wild Einkorn Wheat for Wheat Grain Quality Improvement: Evaluation and Characterization of Glu-1, Wx and Ha Loci

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Wx genes from three Taeniatherum diploid species

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