Wymagania dotyczące zawartości substancji szkodliwych w wyrobach rynkowych z tworzyw sztucznych i gumy. Cz. III. Sprzęt elektryczny i elektroniczny, baterie i akumulatory

Kolasa, Dorota; Lach, Jakub; Wróbel, Kamil; Samsonowska, Katarzyna; Kaszuba, Alicja; Stępkowska, A.; Wróbel, Jerzy T.

doi:10.14314/polimery.2023.1.5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The article is a continuation of the review of the applicable safety regulations regarding products made (or containing elements) of plastics and rubber placed on the European Union market. The subject of previous publications were legal regulations on the control of harmful substances in plastic packaging and rubber products, in particular those intended for contact with food [1,2], in electrical and electronic equipment and in batteries and accumulators [3]. Part IV of the review presents regulations regarding toy safety.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…EU framework legal acts [5][6][7][8], incorporated into Polish law by acts [9][10][11][12], define the basic safety requirements for products intended for consumer Artykuł stanowi kontynuację przeglądu obowiązujących przepisów bezpieczeństwa dotyczących wyrobów wykonanych (lub zawierających elementy) z tworzyw sztucznych i gumy wprowadzanych do obrotu na rynku Unii Europejskiej. Tematem poprzednich publikacji były regulacje prawne dotyczące kontroli substancji szkodliwych w opakowaniach z tworzyw sztucznych i wyrobach gumowych, w szczególności przeznaczonych do kontaktu z żywnością [1,2], w sprzęcie elektrycznym i elektronicznym oraz w bateriach i akumulatorach [3]. W części IV przeglądu przedstawiono regulacje dotyczące bezpieczeństwa zabawek.…”

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Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part IV. Toys

Kolasa,

Samsonowska,

Kaszuba

et al. 2023

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confidence: 99%

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Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part IV. Toys

Kolasa,

Samsonowska,

Kaszuba

et al. 2023

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Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part V. Vehicles and their equipment

Kolasa,

Stępkowska,

Wróbel

et al. 2024

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Recovery of Metals from the “Black Mass” of Waste Portable Li-Ion Batteries with Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents and Bi-Functional Ionic Liquids by Solvent Extraction

Domańska,

Wiśniewska,

Dąbrowski

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Lithium-ion portable batteries (LiPBs) contain valuable elements such as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lithium (Li) and manganese (Mn), which can be recovered through solid–liquid extraction using choline chloride-based Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and bi-functional ionic liquids (ILs). This study was carried out to investigate the extraction of metals from solid powder, black mass (BM), obtained from LiPBs, with various solvents used: six choline chloride-based DESs in combination with organic acids: lactic acid (1:2, DES 1), malonic acid (1:1, DES 2), succinic acid (1:1, DES 3), glutaric acid (1:1, DES 4) and citric acid (1:1, DES 5 and 2:1, DES 6). Various additives, such as didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDACl) surfactant, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), pentapotassium bis(peroxymonosulphate) bis(sulphate) (PHM), (glycine + H2O2) or (glutaric acid + H2O2) were used. The best efficiency of metal extraction was obtained with the mixture of {DES 2 + 15 g of glycine + H2O2} in two-stage extraction at pH = 3, T = 333 K, 2 h. In order to obtain better extraction efficiency towards Co, Ni, Li and Mn (100%) and for Cu (75%), the addition of glycine was used. The obtained extraction results using choline chloride-based DESs were compared with those obtained with three bi-functional ILs: didecyldimethylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate, [N10,10,1,1][Cyanex272], didecyldimethylammonium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, [N10,10,1,1][D2EHPA], and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate, [P6,6,6,14][Cyanex272]/toluene. The results of the extraction of all metal ions with these bi-functional ILs were only at the level of 35–50 wt%. The content of metal ions in aqueous and stripped organic solutions was determined by ICP-OES. In this work, we propose an alternative and highly efficient concept for the extraction of valuable metals from BM of LiPBs using DESs and ILs at low temperatures instead of acid leaching at high temperatures.

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Wymagania dotyczące zawartości substancji szkodliwych w wyrobach rynkowych z tworzyw sztucznych i gumy. Cz. III. Sprzęt elektryczny i elektroniczny, baterie i akumulatory

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part IV. Toys

Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part IV. Toys

Requirements for the content of harmful substances in market products of plastics and rubber. Part V. Vehicles and their equipment

Recovery of Metals from the “Black Mass” of Waste Portable Li-Ion Batteries with Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents and Bi-Functional Ionic Liquids by Solvent Extraction

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