X‐band antenna printed on a multilayered substrate

Abstract

In this communication, a single element high‐gain antenna with wide half power beamwidth (HPBW)is reported. The antenna exhibits high gain (10.01 dBi) and excellent radiationefficiency (98.8%) with wide HPBW in both vertical (110∘) and horizontal (118∘) planes. The overall volume of the antennais 2λ0×1.5λ0×0.053λ0 and electrical height (k0h) is 0.38 at at centre frequency 11 GHz. Thedielectric constant of the multilayered substrate is extracted using resonantcavity model of a rectangular microstrip antenna. The proposed antenna operatesat higher order, TnormalM02 mode excited by the loaded parasitic on theupper layer of the substrate and behaves similarly to a two‐dimensional‐leakywave antenna. The loaded parasitics are transforming the capacitive behaviour ofthe antenna input impedance into the inductive. The antenna offerswide‐impedance bandwidth of 1.01 GHz and 610 MHz considering the inputreflection parameter below −10 dB and −20 dB, respectively. It exhibits a verygood antenna figure of merit of 1.03 in terms of gain, bandwidth, HPBW andelectrical height. The prototypes of the antennas are fabricated and executionis accepted using measured results.

An ultra compact triple band antenna for X/Ku/K band applications

“…The 2D and 3D plot of antenna gain is illustrated in Figures and , respectively. In the present work, we report a better‐measured peak gain (8.4 dBi for X band, 8.3 dBi for Ku band, and 3.8 dBi for K band) than the antennas (4.6 dBi for Ku band, 3.65 dBi for K band), (1.87 dBi for Ku band), (7.8 dBi for X band, 5.56 dBi for Ku band), (8 dBi for X band), (5 dBi for X band, 1.9 dBi for Ku band), (6.36 dBi for Ku band), and less than (10.01 dBi for X band), (8.5 dBi for Ku & K band) (3.8 dBi for K band), (9.27 dBi for K band). While observing Figure A‐C, we witness three simulated 3D peak gains of 8.06dBi (at 9.3 GHz, phi Φ = 10°, theta θ = 340°), 7.9 dBi (at 16 GHz, phi Φ = 0°, theta θ = 340°), and 7.5 dBi (at 19.8 GHz, phi Φ = 140°, theta θ = 310°) for X, Ku, and K bands, respectively.…”

“…It is clearly established from the perusal of Figure and Table that the total area of the proposed antenna is lesser by a factor of 21, 10.9, 3.1, 3.1, 12.5, 2.7, 31.3, 1.7, and 2.7 from the antennas reported in Refs. , respectively.…”

“…Researchers are trying to design a single antenna instead of multiple antennas for multiband applications such as dual band antennas, triple band antenna, quad band antenna penta band antenna, and hexa band antenna . The recent studies in the field of patch antenna is majorly emphasizing on X, Ku, and K bands as X band has wide application in fields of satellite, mobile, radio location, etc, and Ku/K band is primarily used for radar and broadcasting satellite television . Numerous designs covering the aforesaid applications and its parametric analysis thereof have been reported …”

“…The recent studies in the field of patch antenna is majorly emphasizing on X, Ku, and K bands as X band has wide application in fields of satellite, mobile, radio location, etc, and Ku/K band is primarily used for radar and broadcasting satellite television . Numerous designs covering the aforesaid applications and its parametric analysis thereof have been reported …”

“…8,9 Numerous designs covering the aforesaid applications and its parametric analysis thereof have been reported. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] One of the notable disadvantage of patch antenna is its narrow bandwidth, which in turn leads to the demand of bandwidth enhancement, as a result of which, numerous techniques have been laid down such as using thick substrates with low dielectric constants, impedance matching network, slots loaded on the patch, posting a short circuit pin, and the most popular one is stacking technique. 1,9,16,17 Stacking, not only enhances bandwidth, but also helps in achieving compactness, dual band behavior, and ease of fabrication.…”