X-ray, CT and DXA study of bone loss on medieval remains from North-West Italy

Borrè, A; Boano, Rosa; Stefano, Marco Di; Castiglione, Anna; Ciccone, Giovannino; Isaia, Giovanni Carlo; Panattoni, Gian Luigi; Faletti, Carlo

doi:10.1007/s11547-015-0507-3

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Another example from medieval Italy (8 th -13 th , 17 th centuries) is a case of increased BMD in lumbar vertebrae and femoral samples analysed using computed tomography (CT) and DXA in individuals of low SES [124]. The elevated data agreed with evidence for an increase in calcium consumption and higher physical activity in the low SES group [124]. This study particularly highlights that the direction of SES effect on bone health cannot be easily predicted.…”

Section: Modern Perspective Through Social Epidemiology and Epigenetimentioning

confidence: 52%

“…in [127] the authors acknowledge limited written SES records). Another example from medieval Italy (8 th -13 th , 17 th centuries) is a case of increased BMD in lumbar vertebrae and femoral samples analysed using computed tomography (CT) and DXA in individuals of low SES [124]. The elevated data agreed with evidence for an increase in calcium consumption and higher physical activity in the low SES group [124].…”

Section: Modern Perspective Through Social Epidemiology and Epigenetimentioning

confidence: 70%

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Socio-economic Determinants of Bone Health from Past to Present

Miszkiewicz

Cooke

2019

Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab

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Section: Modern Perspective Through Social Epidemiology and Epigenetimentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Modern Perspective Through Social Epidemiology and Epigenetimentioning

confidence: 70%

Socio-economic Determinants of Bone Health from Past to Present

Miszkiewicz

Cooke

2019

Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab

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“…Previous research on bone loss in archeological populations in Norway (Holck, 2007; Mays et al, 2006; Turner‐Walker et al, 2001; Turner‐Walker, Syversen, & Mays, 2000) and the other Scandinavian countries (Bennike & Bohr, 1990; Ekenman et al, 1995; Poulsen et al, 2001) has detected a varied pattern with regards to age‐related bone loss. To our knowledge, the impact of SES on BMD and bone loss has not previously been examined in Scandinavia but has been addressed in several other international studies (Borre et al, 2015; Di Stefano et al, 2012; Mays, 1996; Miszkiewicz & Mahoney, 2016; Zaki et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…been examined in Scandinavia but has been addressed in several other international studies (Borre et al, 2015;Di Stefano et al, 2012;Mays, 1996;Miszkiewicz & Mahoney, 2016;Zaki et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Female skeletal health and socioeconomic status in medieval Norway (11th–16th centuries AD): Analysis of bone mineral density and stature

Brødholt

Gautvik

Benedictow³

et al. 2022

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Little is known about the possible impact of socioeconomic status on bone health in medieval Norway. We measured bone mineral density in the skeletal remains of 101 females from five medieval burial sites in Eastern Norway representing distinct socioeconomic groups by comparing results from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and osteological analysis. Young adult females of high status were taller than parish population females (5.3 cm, p = 0.01), although their femoral neck bone mineral density did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.127). We found that the parish population females had a significantly higher occurrence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in old adulthood (p = 0.003), with an estimated disease risk of 0.53 versus 0.16 in the high-status group, possibly related to a lower attained maximum bone mineral density. We discuss environmental and genetic factors in light of relevant research literature on life in medieval Norway and offer an explanation for the significant taller stature among high-status females and the higher risk for osteopenia/ osteoporosis in the parish population. This work adds to our knowledge of young adult bone mineral density and bone loss in relation to socioeconomic status in a medieval female population of Norway.

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“…However, the findings demonstrate the complex and not so straightforward relationship between SES, sex, and lifestyle factors such as nutrition and physical activity. For example, Di Stefano, Boano, Rabino Massa, Isaia and Panattoni [ 28 ] and Borre, Boano, Di Stefano, Castiglione, Ciccone, Isaia et al [ 29 ] found that high-status individuals buried inside the San Michele Church, North-West Italy, had significantly lower BMD than individuals buried in the cemetery. A larger intake of dairy products, more sun exposure, and greater physical activity in the cemetery group were presumed to explain the observed pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social stratification reflected in bone mineral density and stature: Spectral imaging and osteoarchaeological findings from medieval Norway

Brødholt

Gautvik²,

Günther³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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This study presents skeletal material from five medieval burial sites in Eastern Norway, confined to one royal burial church, one Dominican monastery, and three burial sites representing parish populations. We combine osteological analysis and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, studying the remains of 227 individuals (102 females and 125 males) employing young, middle, and old adult age categories. The aim is to assess bone mineral density as a skeletal indicator of socioeconomic status including stature as a variable. We detected that socioeconomic status significantly affected bone mineral density and stature. Individuals of high status had higher bone mineral density (0.07 g/cm2, p = 0.003) and taller stature (1.85 cm, p = 0.017) than individuals from the parish population. We detected no significant relationship between young adult bone mineral density and socioeconomic status (p = 0.127 and 0.059 for females and males, respectively). For males, high young adult bone mineral density and stature varied concordantly in both status groups. In contrast, females of high status were significantly taller than females in the parish population (p = 0.011). Our findings indicate quite different conditions during growth and puberty for the two groups of females. The age-related pattern of bone variation also portrayed quite different trajectories for the two socioeconomic status groups of both sexes. We discuss sociocultural practices (living conditions during childhood and puberty, as well as nutritional and lifestyle factors in adult life), possibly explaining the differences in bone mineral density between the high-status and parish population groups. The observation of greater differences in bone mineral density and stature for females than males in the medieval society of Norway is also further discussed.

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X-ray, CT and DXA study of bone loss on medieval remains from North-West Italy

Abstract: The differences observed in the BMD values may be related to the different lifestyle of the rural population, i.e. more dietary calcium intake, more sun exposure and vigorous physical activity, compared to that of the privileged individuals.

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Socio-economic Determinants of Bone Health from Past to Present

Socio-economic Determinants of Bone Health from Past to Present

Female skeletal health and socioeconomic status in medieval Norway (11th–16th centuries AD): Analysis of bone mineral density and stature

Social stratification reflected in bone mineral density and stature: Spectral imaging and osteoarchaeological findings from medieval Norway

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