X-ray Diffraction and Absorption Spectroscopy in Pulsed High Magnetic Fields

Abstract

Recent results of high-magnetic-field X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy experiments using pulsed magnets are reviewed. Pulsed magnetic fields of up to 30-40 T are utilized. Structural changes induced by magnetic fields in rare-earth intermetallic compounds, transition-metal oxides and low-dimensional quantum spin compounds are presented as results of X-ray diffraction experiments. The structural changes are interpreted by several mechanisms such as the interspin distance dependence of exchange interactions, the symmetry change owing to the geometrical frustration effect, and the Jahn-Teller effect. In addition to the Thomson scattering experiment, a magnetic X-ray scattering experiment on TbB 4 has been conducted at 30 T. Regarding X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the valence state transition in magnetic fields is observed in Yb-, Ce-, and Eu-based intermetallic compounds. Magnetic-field-induced changes in the structural and electronic states in transition-metal and rare-earth compounds were investigated using Xray absorption spectra. The microscopic magnetic properties were examined by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism.

Measurement of the angle dependence of magnetostriction in pulsed magnetic fields using a piezoelectric strain gauge

“…Other probes of magnetostriction include measurements of magneto-optical Kerr effect in thin films upon applying strain 11 , which is an indirect probe of magnetostriction, and also X-ray 12,13 and neutron diffraction. In particular Larmor neutron diffraction has recently emerged as a technique that can detect lattice parameter changes with 10 −6 precision 14 .…”

Generating 77 T using a portable pulse magnet for single shot quantum beam experiments

“…However, microscopic probes of the lattice, electronic states, and magnetic states, such as neutron scattering, x-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, and resonance techniques are elusive with pulsed high magnetic fields because of the shortage of the accumulation time of the signal. Below 100 T generated with millisecond pulses, there have been great efforts such as x-ray experiments [18], nuclear magnetic resonance [19], teraheltz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) [20]. However, these microscopic measurements are impossible at above 100 T because 100 T environments are limited to the pulse durations of a few 𝜇-seconds.…”