X-ray diffraction line profile analysis of iron ball milled powders

Vivès, S.; Gaffet, Éric; Meunier, C.

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(03)00572-0

Cited by 193 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The literature trend for Fe has been observed by other authors [34,37,38] in other metals such as Ag, Co, Cu, Ti, Zr [37], Nb [68], the compound NiTi [26], and metalloid Si [37] and well as various ceramic materials [69]. A few other studies have claimed a similar energy trend [70,71] but are more ambiguous since the total energy dose was also varied. By comparison, we are only aware of a single prior report of a positive correlation between dss and E, for the compound FeAl; a study by Kuhrt et al [60] showed this trend in a planetary ball mill (Fritsch Pulverisette 5), although a separate study by Pochet et al [28] using a lower energy vibrating mill (Fritsch Pulverisette-0) indicated the reverse trend with milling intensity.…”

Section: Effect Of Impact Energy On Steady Statementioning

confidence: 58%

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Humphry-Baker

Schuh

2014

Acta Materialia

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Abstract:The structural evolution of nanocrystalline Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3) during mechanical milling is investigated under different milling energies and temperatures.After prolonged milling, the compound evolves toward a steady-state nanostructure that is found to be unusually strongly dependent on the processing conditions. In contrast to most literature on mechanical milling, in Bi2Te3 we find that the smallest steady-state grain sizes are attained under the lowest energy milling conditions. An analysis based on the balance between refinement and recovery in the steady state shows that two regimes of behavior are expected based on the thermo-physical properties of the milled powder. Bi2Te3 lies in a relatively unusual regime where greater impact energy promotes adiabatic heating and recovery more than it does defect accumulation; hence more intense milling leads to larger steady-state grain sizes. Implications for other materials are discussed with reference to a "milling intensity map" that delineates the set of material properties for which this behavior will be observed.

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Section: Effect Of Impact Energy On Steady Statementioning

confidence: 58%

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Humphry-Baker

Schuh

2014

Acta Materialia

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“…Each peak was fitted by a PseudoVoigt (PV) function in order to get the exact values of the interreticular spacing and the peaks broadening. The mean crystallite size and the mean level of microdistorsions (estimated by the Williamson-Hall method [25]) as well as the lattice parameter were calculated from the XRD data taking into account Cu Kα 1 radiation, after Kα 2 stripping using the Rachinger method. The instrumental broadening was determined using a Si standard (provided with the diffractometer) and subtracted from the experimental breadth to obtain the "pure" broadening of each diffraction line, which was then used for the Williamson-Hall calculations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, microstructural and Mössbauer studies of nanocrystalline Fe_100-xAl_xpowders elaborated by mechanical alloying

Boukherroub

Guittoum

Souami

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Nanocrystalline Fe 100-x Al x powders (x= 25, 30, 34 and 40 at %) were prepared by the mechanical alloying process using a vario-planetary high-energy ball mill for a milling time of 35 h. The formation and physical properties of the alloys were investigated as a function of Al content by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray and Mössbauer spectroscopy. For all Fe 100-x Al x samples, the complete formation of bcc phase was observed after 35 h of milling. As Al content increases, the lattice parameter increases, whereas the grain size decreases from 106 to 12 nm. The powder particle morphology for different compositions was observed by SEM. The Mössbauer spectra were adjusted with a singlet line and a sextet containing two components. The singlet was attributed to the formation of paramagnetic A2 disordered structure rich with Al. About the sextet, the first component indicated the formation of Fe clusters/ Fe-rich phases; however, the second component is characteristic of disordered ferromagnetic phase.

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“…55,56 The broad and symmetric peaks associated with Fe and Cu for the unannealed sample show presence of inhomogeneous strain. The unannealed sample is also strained due to the rapid solidification of the alloy from the molten state with the Fe and Cu nano regions randomly distributed, as shown by the electron microscopy studies.…”

Section: Effect Of Annealingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental investigation of inhomogeneities, nanoscopic phase separation, and magnetism in arc melted Fe-Cu metals with equal atomic ratio of the constituents

Jaffari

Aftab²,

Anjum

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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Composition gradient and phase separation at the nanoscale have been investigated for arc-melted and solidified with equiatomic Fe-Cu. Diffraction studies revealed that Fe and Cu exhibited phase separation with no trace of any mixing. Microscopy studies revealed that immiscible Fe-Cu form dense bulk nanocomposite. The spatial distribution of Fe and Cu showed existence of two distinct regions, i.e., Fe-rich and Cu-rich regions. Fe-rich regions have Cu precipitates of various sizes and different shapes, with Fe forming meshes or channels greater than 100 nm in size. On the other hand, the matrix of Cu-rich regions formed strips with fine strands of nanosized Fe. Macromagnetic response of the system showed ferromagnetic behavior with a magnetic moment being equal to about 2.13 μB/Fe atom and a bulk like negligible value of coercivity over the temperature range of 5–300 K. Anisotropy constant has been calculated from various laws of approach to saturation, and its value is extracted to be equal to 1350 J/m3. Inhomogeneous strain within the Cu and Fe crystallites has been calculated for the (unannealed) sample solidified after arc-melting. Annealed sample also exhibited local inhomogeneity with removal of inhomogeneous strain and no appreciable change in magnetic character. However, for the annealed sample phase separated Fe exhibited homogenous strain.

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X-ray diffraction line profile analysis of iron ball milled powders

Cited by 193 publications

References 30 publications

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Structural, microstructural and Mössbauer studies of nanocrystalline Fe_100-xAl_xpowders elaborated by mechanical alloying

Experimental investigation of inhomogeneities, nanoscopic phase separation, and magnetism in arc melted Fe-Cu metals with equal atomic ratio of the constituents

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X-ray diffraction line profile analysis of iron ball milled powders

Cited by 193 publications

References 30 publications

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Anomalous grain refinement trends during mechanical milling of Bi2Te3

Structural, microstructural and Mössbauer studies of nanocrystalline Fe100-xAlxpowders elaborated by mechanical alloying

Experimental investigation of inhomogeneities, nanoscopic phase separation, and magnetism in arc melted Fe-Cu metals with equal atomic ratio of the constituents

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Structural, microstructural and Mössbauer studies of nanocrystalline Fe_100-xAl_xpowders elaborated by mechanical alloying