X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of the Light Elements in Rocks and Minerals

Rose, Harry J.; Adler, I.; Flanagan, F.J.

doi:10.1366/000370263789621105

Cited by 109 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Other subsamples were dried and disaggregated for chemical analyses. Total phosphorus was determined by the X-ray fluorescence method of Rose and Adler (1963). Schleicher and Kuhn (1970) have shown that values determined by this method are accurate within the limits of most analytical methods, The sam.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minor elements in sediments of Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire

Armstrong

Hanson

Gaudette

1976

Geo

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ABSTRACT/Concentrations of copper, zinc, chromium, lead, cadmium, and phosphorus were obtained from 81 samples of unconsolidated estuarine sediment from Great Bay, New Hampshire. Dispersal of aqueous chromium from localized industrial effluent is believed responsible for an increase in sediment chromium throughout the entire estuary. High phosphorus concentrations exist in sediment near the outfalls from several waste-water treatment plants. There is no evidence for any increase of copper, zinc, lead, or cadmium in this estuary, except for localized high concentrations close to industrial outfalls.Fine-grained sediments and organic carbon correlate highly with all the elements studied, except for chromium. This suggests that conventional agents of sedimentary adsorption are not adequate to explain the incorporation of chromium into sediment under the conditions of heavy industrial discharge which exist in this estuary. Sediment phosphorus correlates highly with minor elements, suggesting that it is an adsorption agent, similar to more typical sedimentary parameters such as organic matter and clay minerals. In such a capacity phosphorus may enhance the sedimentary uptake of other aqueous species, and account for higher chromium sediment concentrations. Comparative data from other sedimentary environments emphasize the environmental significance of these elements in Great Bay.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minor elements in sediments of Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire

Armstrong

Hanson

Gaudette

1976

Geo

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“…Some laboratories are now using the X-ray fluorescence spectrography technique for the quantitative determination of metallic oxides in bauxite samples. This technique, which is similar to the one described by Rose, Adler, and Flanagan ( 1963) and Tertian, Fagot, and Jamey (1964), is both rapid and accurate when used by experienced personnel.…”

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confidence: 62%

Bauxite reserves and potential aluminum resources of the world

Patterson¹

1967

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“…Rose et al 26 provided mixed calibrating standards containing granite (G-1) and diabase (W-1) in varying proportions using 1 : 9 borate fusion. They also used National Bureau of Standards' samples (e.g.…”

Section: Extension Of Rock References' Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibrating standards using chemical reagents for glass bead x‐ray fluorescence analyses of geochemical samples

Nakayama

Nakamura

2008

X-Ray Spectrometry

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GLASS BEAD XRF FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ROCKSGlass beads prepared from pulverized samples and an alkali flux have often been applied to determining major and minor elements in geochemical samples using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Glass beads have also been applicable to electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) 1 and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).2 Powdered samples, such as rocks and sediments, are fused at 950-1200°C 3 in a crucible (e.g. Pt-Au alloy 4 and graphite 5 ) to obtain vitrified flat disks after blending with an alkali flux (e.g. Li 2 B 4 O 7 , LiBO 2 , and Na 2 B 4 O 7 ). The disks are formed into circular shapes by casting the hot melt into a mold 6 or directly cooling the melt in the crucible. 'Pulverized glass pellets' are occasionally prepared owing to insufficient strength or homogeneity of resulting glasses.7 Low-dilution glass beads having a sample-to-flux ratio, such as 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 4, and 1 : 5, have been prepared to remove a defect: decreasing XRF intensities resulting from samples' dilution. On the other hand, glass beads having 1 : 10-1 : 100 ratio, 8 Ł Correspondence to: Toshihiro Nakamura, Department of Applied Chemistry, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 2148571, Japan. E-mail: toshina@isc.meiji.ac.jp which are intended to reduce the influence of matrix on XRF intensities, have also been used for measurements of major elements. Pressed powder pellets 4 (powder briquettes), which are prepared by pressing pulverized samples, have also been used for measuring minor elements in geochemical samples. The powder pellets, although simple to prepare, often have low homogeneity and diverse particle properties (including particle-size effects and mineral effects). Quite often calibrating standards for powder pellet XRF are rock references instead of synthesized standards using chemical reagents because the mixture of powdery reagents results in a trend away from complete miscibility. In contrast, even to meticulously prepared powder pellets, glass beads are considered homogeneous because of melting, despite the inclusion of some powdery materials. Several approaches have been used for preparing standard glass beads.

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X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of the Light Elements in Rocks and Minerals

Cited by 109 publications

References 11 publications

Minor elements in sediments of Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire

Minor elements in sediments of Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire

Bauxite reserves and potential aluminum resources of the world

Calibrating standards using chemical reagents for glass bead x‐ray fluorescence analyses of geochemical samples

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