X-ray imager using solution processed organic transistor arrays and bulk heterojunction photodiodes on thin, flexible plastic substrate

Gelinck, Gerwin H.; Kumar, Abhishek; Moet, Date; Steen, Jan Laurens van der; Shafique, Umar; Malinowski, Paweł E.; Myny, Kris; Rand, Barry P.; Simon, M.E.; Rutten, W.; Douglas, Alexander; Jorritsma, J.; Heremans, Paul; Andriessen, Ronn

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.06.020

Cited by 93 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The photocurrents reported from P3HT:PC 61 BM, TFB:PDI, and F8BT:PDI blends exhibited a linear dependence on the X-ray dose; however a drop in EQE of 17% under X-ray exposure was reported for a P3HT:PC 61 BM blend. [ 285 ] Blackesley et al [ 286 ] and Gelinck et al [ 287 ] further explored the potential of OPDs in replacing inorganic photodetectors and concluded that a reduction in OPD dark current was required for good X-ray imaging. To this end, Agostinelli et al demonstrated that an extremely low dark current density of ≈50 pA/cm 2 was achievable by thickness optimization of the OPD photoactive layer.…”

Section: Flexible Large-area Opds For Position and X-ray Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Photodiodes: The Future of Full Color Detection and Image Sensing

et al. 2016

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Major growth in the image sensor market is largely as a result of the expansion of digital imaging into cameras, whether stand-alone or integrated within smart cellular phones or automotive vehicles. Applications in biomedicine, education, environmental monitoring, optical communications, pharmaceutics and machine vision are also driving the development of imaging technologies. Organic photodiodes (OPDs) are now being investigated for existing imaging technologies, as their properties make them interesting candidates for these applications. OPDs offer cheaper processing methods, devices that are light, flexible and compatible with large (or small) areas, and the ability to tune the photophysical and optoelectronic properties - both at a material and device level. Although the concept of OPDs has been around for some time, it is only relatively recently that significant progress has been made, with their performance now reaching the point that they are beginning to rival their inorganic counterparts in a number of performance criteria including the linear dynamic range, detectivity, and color selectivity. This review covers the progress made in the OPD field, describing their development as well as the challenges and opportunities.

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Section: Flexible Large-area Opds For Position and X-ray Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Photodiodes: The Future of Full Color Detection and Image Sensing

et al. 2016

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“…Up to now, only monolithically integrated solution-processed organic photodiodes (OPDs) and thin-film transistors (TFTs) have been shown to operate at video frame rates, which are on the order of 30 frames per second (f.p.s.) 9,24,25 . Monolithic integration of OPDs and TFTs is complicated by differences in geometries, electrodes and active layers, and requires heterogeneous assembly.…”

Section: Pierre * Abhinav Gaikwad and Ana Claudia Ariasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge-integrating organic heterojunction phototransistors for wide-dynamic-range image sensors

2017

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Such progress coupled with the high compatibility of solution-processable organic semiconductors with plastic or metal foil substrates makes them ideal candidates for cost-effective, mechanically flexible electronic devices for various applications, such as printed radio frequency identification tags for item-level tagging, drivers for flexible displays, wearable electronics, distributed sensors, and integrated, nonvolatile memory devices. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] [21][22][23][24][25] Such remarkable p-channel mobilities, obtained in devices with fairly promising shelf-life and operational stabilities, have been demonstrated with conjugated polymers based on new building units, such as diketopyrrolopyrrole, [24,26,27] isoindigo, [28,29] and indacenodithiophene. [30] Similar efforts have been devoted to improving n-channel polymer semiconductors, with the performances of n-type devices still lagging behind their p-channel counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

Sung

Luzio

Park

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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Interdependence of chemical structure, thin-film morphology, and transport properties is a key, yet often elusive aspect characterizing the design and development of high-mobility, solution-processed polymers for large-area and flexible electronics applications. There is a specific need to achieve >1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 field-effect mobilities (μ) at low processing temperatures in combination with environmental stability, especially in the case of electron-transporting polymers, which are still lagging behind hole transporting materials. Here, the synthesis of a naphthalene-diimide based donor-acceptor copolymer characterized by a selenophene vinylene selenophene donor moiety is reported. Optimized field-effect transistors show maximum μ of 2.4 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and promising ambient stability. A very marked film structural evolution is revealed with increasing annealing temperature, with evidence of a remarkable 3D crystallinity above 180 °C. Conversely, transport properties are found to be substantially optimized at 150 °C, with limited gain at higher temperature. This discrepancy is rationalized by the presence of a surface-segregated prevalently edge-on packed polymer phase, dominating the device accumulated channel. This study therefore serves the purpose of presenting a promising, high-electron-mobility copolymer that is processable at relatively low temperatures, and of clearly highlighting the necessity of specifically investigating channel morphology in assessing the structure-property nexus in semiconducting polymer thin films.

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X-ray imager using solution processed organic transistor arrays and bulk heterojunction photodiodes on thin, flexible plastic substrate

Cited by 93 publications

References 25 publications

Organic Photodiodes: The Future of Full Color Detection and Image Sensing

Organic Photodiodes: The Future of Full Color Detection and Image Sensing

Charge-integrating organic heterojunction phototransistors for wide-dynamic-range image sensors

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

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