X-ray imaging for studying behavior of liquids at high pressures and high temperatures using Paris-Edinburgh press

Abstract

Several X-ray techniques for studying structure, elastic properties, viscosity, and immiscibility of liquids at high pressures have been integrated using a Paris-Edinburgh press at the 16-BM-B beamline of the Advanced Photon Source. Here, we report the development of X-ray imaging techniques suitable for studying behavior of liquids at high pressures and high temperatures. White X-ray radiography allows for imaging phase separation and immiscibility of melts at high pressures, identified not only by density contrast but also by phase contrast imaging in particular for low density contrast liquids such as silicate and carbonate melts. In addition, ultrafast X-ray imaging, at frame rates up to ∼10(5) frames/second (fps) in air and up to ∼10(4) fps in Paris-Edinburgh press, enables us to investigate dynamics of liquids at high pressures. Very low viscosities of melts similar to that of water can be reliably measured. These high-pressure X-ray imaging techniques provide useful tools for understanding behavior of liquids or melts at high pressures and high temperatures.

CO3+1 network formation in ultra-high pressure carbonate liquids

“…High pressure studies of carbonate glass were performed with energy dispersive diffraction at beamline 16BMB (HPCAT) at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The configuration at this beamline enables the specially developed double-stage large volume (Paris-Edinburgh type) press to be integrated 11,28,44–46 . The total X-ray structure factor, S ( Q ), for each pressure point was obtained using the multi-angle energy dispersive technique 28,47 (see SI Fig.…”

A Low Viscosity Lunar Magma Ocean Forms a Stratified Anorthitic Flotation Crust With Mafic Poor and Rich Units

“…The trajectory of the falling sphere is recorded by a high‐speed camera (in this case, at 50 frames/s). Kono et al () discussed requirement of high‐speed imaging to measure high falling sphere velocity in low viscosity melts. Our measured falling velocity is 0.1 to 0.5 mm/s; a 50 fps camera frame rate monitors more than 200 frames in the falling sphere trajectory, which are sufficient to accurately determine the viscosity of the melts.…”

Rotating tomography Paris–Edinburgh cell: a novel portable press for micro-tomographic 4-D imaging at extreme pressure/temperature/stress conditions

“…Hence, in the simple conical anvils' configuration, the RoToPEc operates routinely to 15 GPa and 1500 K with sintered diamond anvils and 10 GPa and 2500 K with tungsten carbide anvils. This domain has been recently extended by using the toroidal profile developed in [15] and we reached 13.6 GPa and 2400 K with tungsten carbide anvils. The usual sample assembly is essentially the same as for the original PE press, using a boron epoxy transmitting medium.…”