X-ray microanalysis of biological specimens by high voltage electron microscopy

Nagata, T.

doi:10.1016/j.proghi.2004.07.001

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Qualitative percentage composition analysis revealed that the percentage of all elements was decreased except element O, which was significantly increased upon increased concentration of metal within the roots. Elemental microanalysis helps us to understand the composition of elements within the tissue deposits (Nagata 2004;Shillito et al 2009) Energy dispersive X-ray spectral line profile of the root powder of castor: control (A), 200 µM Pb (B) and 400 µM Pb(C). EDS micrograph showed the elemental atomic percentage of the imaged area for the sample using FESEM/EDS.…”

Section: Element Analysis By Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (Eds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Ricinus communis L. (castor bean, phytoremediation crop) seedlings to lead (Pb) toxicity in hydroponics

Prasad

2017

SJAFS

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Section: Element Analysis By Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (Eds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Ricinus communis L. (castor bean, phytoremediation crop) seedlings to lead (Pb) toxicity in hydroponics

Prasad

2017

SJAFS

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“…The first is the better resolution and the lesser electron damage by higher accelerating voltages than lower accelerating voltages because the wavelengths of the electron beams become shorter in inverse proportion to the accelerating voltages [28,50]. However, if we observe ultrathin sections at higher accelerating voltages, the contrast of structures becomes worse.…”

Section: Electron Microscopes and X-ray Analyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the late 1970s Porter and his associates [5,[92][93][94][95] again tried to observe the cytoskeletons of whole mount cultured cells by high voltage electron microscopes (HVEM) at 1000 kV. This period from the late 1970s to early 1980s should be regarded as the second period to apply high voltage electron microscopes to biological specimens [28,50]. Since the recent development and spread of very high voltage electron microscopes at accelerating voltages around 1000 kV as well as intermediate high voltage electron microscopes at accelerating voltages of 200-400 kV at the end of 20th century, many papers dealing with the ultrastructures of various biological specimens have been published.…”

Section: Electron Microscopes and X-ray Analyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Utility Value of High Voltage Electron Microscopy for X-Ray Microanalysis

Nagata

2003

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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X-ray microanalysis is a useful technique to qualify and quantify basic elements in biological specimens. This article reviews the principles and techniques for applying intermediate high voltage electron microscopy to Xray microanalysis of various elements in biological specimens developed in our laboratory since the late 20th century. We first quantified the endproducts of histochemical reactions such as Ag in radioautographs, Ce in acid phosphatase reaction and Au in colloidal gold immunostaining using semi-thin sections by high voltage electron microscopy at 300-400 kV. We then analyzed various trace elements such as Zn, Ca, and S, which originally existed in the cytoplasmic matrix or cell organelles of various cells in different organs, and some absorbed elements introduced by experimental administration into cells and tissues such as Al, using both conventional chemical fixation and cryofixation followed by cryo-sectioning, freeze-drying, or freeze-substitution. As a result, we showed that the peak to background (P/B) ratios of all the elements analyzed had high P/B ratios at 300-400 kV. It was concluded that X-ray microanalysis using semi-thin sections by high voltage electron microscopy is of great utility for quantifying trace elements in biological specimens.

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“…Quantification of silver grains in the nucleoli, chromatin, and cell body were carried out by X-ray microanalysis [58,[73][74][75] which verified the results obtained by visual grain counting. In EMRAG obtained from the pancreas of fetal day 19 embryos, newborn day 1 and newborn day 14 mice labeled with 3 H-uridine, demonstrating RNA synthesis, the numbers of silver grains in the nucleoli, nuclear chromatin and cytoplasm increased [58,59,[73][74][75][76][77]. In order to quantify the silver contents of grains observed over the nucleoli, nuclei and cytoplasm, X-ray spectra were recorded by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (JEM-4000EX TN5400), demonstrating Ag-K peaks at higher energies.…”

Section: Saj Biotechnolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing Associated Changes in Macromolecule Synthesis in the Endocrine Organs as Revealed by Microscopic Radioautography

Nagata¹

2015

Scholarena Journal of Biotechnology

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The endocrine systems of men and experimental animals such as rat and mouse consist of several endocrine organs such as the thyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, testis or ovary. The term "Cell Ageing" initially means how the cells change due to their ageing. It contains 2 meanings, one how a cell changes when it is isolated from in vivo original animals or plants such as in vitro cells in cell culture, while the other means how all the cells of an animal or a plant change in vivo due to the ageing of the individual animal or plant. I had first studied the meaning of cell ageing many years ago (more than 50 years) how a cell changed when it was isolated from original experimental animals such as mice and rats by cell culture [1][2][3], and then moved to the study on the latter cell ageing, i.e., how all the cells of an experimental animal change in vivo due to the ageing of the individual prenatal and postnatal animal [4][5][6][7][8].Recently, I have been studying the ageing changes from the viewpoint of the cell nutrients those were incorporated and synthesized into various cells in individual animals during their ageing [9]. Therefore, this article deals with only the cell ageing of animal cells in vivo, how the metabolism, i.e., incorporations and syntheses of respective nutrients, the macromolecular precursors, in various kinds of cells change due to the ageing of individual experimental animals such as mice and rats by means of microscopic radioautography. The incorporations and syntheses of various nutrients such as DNA, RNA, proteins, glucides, lipids and others in various kinds of cells of endocrine systems such as thyroid, thymus, adrenal gland, pancreatic islet cells or reproductive cells should be reviewed referring many original papers already published from our laboratory. Ageing Associated Changes in Macromolecule Synthesis in the EndocrineOrgans as Revealed by Microscopic Radioautography The endocrine system of men and experimental animals consists of several endocrine organs. The term "Cell Ageing" initially means how the cells change due to their ageing. It contains 2 meanings, one how a cell changes when it is isolated from original animals or plants such as in vitro cells in cell culture, while the other means how all the cells of an animal or a plant changes in vivo due to the ageing of the individual animal or plant. I have been studying the latter changes from the viewpoint of the cell nutrients, the precursors for the macromolecular synthesis such as DNA, RNA, proteins, glucides and lipids, which are incorporated and synthesized into various cells of individual animals. Therefore, this article deals with only the cell ageing of animal cells in vivo, how the metabolism, i.e., incorporations and syntheses of respective nutrient precursors in various kinds of cells change due to the ageing of individual experimental animals such as mice and rats by means of microscopic radioautography to localize the RI-labeled precursors. The incorporations and syntheses of various precursors for macromolecule...

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X-ray microanalysis of biological specimens by high voltage electron microscopy

Cited by 29 publications

References 132 publications

Responses of Ricinus communis L. (castor bean, phytoremediation crop) seedlings to lead (Pb) toxicity in hydroponics

Responses of Ricinus communis L. (castor bean, phytoremediation crop) seedlings to lead (Pb) toxicity in hydroponics

The Utility Value of High Voltage Electron Microscopy for X-Ray Microanalysis

Ageing Associated Changes in Macromolecule Synthesis in the Endocrine Organs as Revealed by Microscopic Radioautography

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