X-ray Phase Imaging Using Lau Effect

Momose, Atsushi; Kuwabara, Hiroaki; Yashiro, Wataru

doi:10.1143/apex.4.066603

Cited by 66 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…20,[22][23][24][25][26] Moreover, the formulas for the 1-D phase grating interferometry can easily be derived from the general twodimensional theory through a dimension reduction. As is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(20) and (21) dictate that a large SID must be used for matching a fractional Talbot distance. 20,21 For example, for a 20-keV x-ray interferometer based on a 2-D checkerboard phase grating of 5-µm period, in order to achieve a magnification factor of 15, Eqs. (20) and (21) dictate that the most compact geometry should set R 1 = 10.8 cm and R 2 = 151.2 cm, so SID = 1.62 m. For sake of convenience in discussion, let us call this geometry as interferometer-configuration (20) and (21)] for 20 keV x-rays, it will not match such Talbot-distance matching equations for a polychromatic beam with an average energy of 20 keV.…”

Section: -15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, this inverse geometry configuration will significantly reduce the radiation dose involved. [19][20][21][22] We will show how the visibility curve is used in the optimization of inverse geometry configuration. We conclude the paper in Sec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent phase retrieval is required to extract the sample's phase map from interferometers are able to explore the multidirectional structures of samples and would enable us to develop more robust phase retrieval than that with the 1-D phase grating systems. 20,[22][23][24][25][26] Moreover, the formulas for the 1-D phase grating interferometry can easily be derived from the general twodimensional theory through a dimension reduction. As is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A general theory of interference fringes in x-ray phase grating imaging

Yan

Liu

2015

Med. Phys.

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Purpose: The authors note that the concept of the Talbot self-image distance in x-ray phase grating interferometry is indeed not well defined for polychromatic x-rays, because both the grating phase shift and the fractional Talbot distances are all x-ray wavelength-dependent. For x-ray interferometry optimization, there is a need for a quantitative theory that is able to predict if a good intensity modulation is attainable at a given grating-to-detector distance. In this work, the authors set out to meet this need. Methods: In order to apply Fourier analysis directly to the intensity fringe patterns of twodimensional and one-dimensional phase grating interferometers, the authors start their derivation from a general phase space theory of x-ray phase-contrast imaging. Unlike previous Fourier analyses, the authors evolved the Wigner distribution to obtain closed-form expressions of the Fourier coefficients of the intensity fringes for any grating-to-detector distance, even if it is not a fractional Talbot distance. Results: The developed theory determines the visibility of any diffraction order as a function of the grating-to-detector distance, the phase shift of the grating, and the x-ray spectrum. The authors demonstrate that the visibilities of diffraction orders can serve as the indicators of the underlying interference intensity modulation. Applying the theory to the conventional and inverse geometry configurations of single-grating interferometers, the authors demonstrated that the proposed theory provides a quantitative tool for the grating interferometer optimization with or without the Talbotdistance constraints. Conclusions: In this work, the authors developed a novel theory of the interference intensity fringes in phase grating x-ray interferometry. This theory provides a quantitative tool in design optimization of phase grating x-ray interferometers. C 2015 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A general theory of interference fringes in x-ray phase grating imaging

Yan

Liu

2015

Med. Phys.

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“…This can be achieved by reducing the targets-G 1 distance, since the magnification is proportional to the targetdetector distance divided by the targets-G 1 distance. This configuration was originally proposed by Momose et al, but the source-detector distance was more than 7 m in their experimental setup [5] because of the long G 0 -G 1 distance of 19 cm required to preserve coherence of the x-rays at G 1 . In this study, we discuss a compact interferometer using a single transmission grating, where the source-detector distance was within 1 m, and multiline embedded targets of 1 μm line width were used as the x-ray sources.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray phase contrast imaging by compact Talbot–Lau interferometer with a single transmission grating

et al. 2014

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We performed x-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) by Talbot-Lau interferometer using only a single transmission grating. Multiline metal targets embedded in a diamond substrate were irradiated with electrons to generate an array of x-ray lines of 1 μm width, which allowed XPCI within a 1 m source-detector distance in a configuration without a source or absorption grating. We directly resolved the self-image of the phase grating of 3 μm pitch using an x-ray image detector of 24 μm pixel size and successfully obtained absorption, differential phase, and dark-field images for 8 keV x rays.

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X‐ray bi‐prism interferometry—A design study of proposed novel hardware

et al. 2021

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Purpose: Advances in X-ray phase-contrast imaging can obtain excellent soft-tissue contrast of phase-shift, attenuation, and small angle scatter. Here we present fringe patterns for different design parameters of Xray bi-prism interferometry imaging systems. Our aim is to develop bi-prism interferometry imaging systems with excellent polychromatic performance that produce high-contrast fringes with spatially incoherent X-ray illumination. We also introduce a novel X-ray tube design that uses temporal multiplexing to provide simultaneous virtual "electronic phase stepping" that replace "mechanical phase stepping" popular with grating-based interferometry setups. Methods:In our investigation we develop expressions for the irradiance distribution pattern of a bi-prism interferometer comprised of multiple point sources and multiple bi-prisms. These expressions are used to plot fringe patterns for X-ray design parameters including size of point source, number of point sources, and point source separation; and bi-prism design parameters including material, angle, number of biprisms, period, and bi-prism array to X-ray source and to detector distances. Results:Results show that the fringe patterns for a bi-prism interferometry system are not longitudinally periodic as with grating interferometers that produce a Talbot-Lau carpet. It is also shown that at 59 keV Xrays the bi-prism material should be something comparable to nickel to obtain reasonable fringe visibility. Conclusion:The irradiance distribution pattern demonstrates that bi-prism interferometry may provide comparable or improved fringe visibility to that of gratings. Special care is given to present our findings within the context of previous advancements. A single-shot image acquisition approach using a temporal multiplexed, high-power X-ray source provides virtual electronic phase stepping without focal spot sweeping. This provides multiple images, each at the same exposure and the same projection view, from different fringe locations that allow one to derive the attenuation, phase, and dark-field images of the sample without mechanical phase stepping of a grating.

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X-ray Phase Imaging Using Lau Effect

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

A general theory of interference fringes in x-ray phase grating imaging

A general theory of interference fringes in x-ray phase grating imaging

X-ray phase contrast imaging by compact Talbot–Lau interferometer with a single transmission grating

X‐ray bi‐prism interferometry—A design study of proposed novel hardware

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