X-Ray Photoemission Calculations

System-Generated EMP

“…The force that governs the particle's motion is then the Coulomb force among the charges themselves and the quasi-electrostatic field from the induced charges on the scattering object. Thus when (14) * exp (st) ds (16) where the asterisk denotes complex conjugation and the scalar product is defined as in (13). The summation index m accounts for degeneracy, i.e., the number of linearly independent solutions Kim of (15) for each XI.…”

“…These zeros are of two types: pure imaginary ones corresponding to the cavity resonances of the interior of the structure, and complex ones (having negative real parts) corresponding to the exterior natural resonances. The interior resonances have zero residues [24] and can therefore be ignored when evaluating the inverse Laplace transform integral (16).…”

“…The approach used in [25] is the same as that discussed in connection with (15) and (16). It is found that and that the first term in the power series expansion in 1(= 2b/c) of a and K' corresponds to the solution of a quasielectrostatic problem, whereas the first term in K" corresponds to the solution of a quasi-magnetostatic problem.…”

Convergence properties of Monte Carlo functional expansion tallies

“…The FET was first proposed by Chadsey et al [8] who demonstrated that a Monte Carlo simulation can be used to estimate the spherical harmonic expansion coefficients of the angular distribution of X-ray photoemission. Their results show that the use of a functional expansion representation of the angular distribution has several advantages over a traditional discrete histogram approximation.…”

A Simulation of the Nuclear High‐Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) Produced by the X‐Ray in the Ionosphere

“…These studies just simulated how the EMP wave distorted by plasmas in the ionosphere and did not involve the formation of electromagnetic pulses. This may be because previous studies (e.g., Carron & Longmire, 1976;Chadsey et al, 1975) on the X-ray-produced HEMP believed that the dominant electric field produced by X-rays in the ionosphere was the electrostatic field, which is local and cannot propagate over long distances. Thus, in the ionosphere, they just consider the propagation of the EMP generated by γ-rays outside of the ionosphere.…”