X-Ray photoemission study of plasma modified polyethylene surfaces

Gerenser, L. J.

doi:10.1163/156856187x00319

Cited by 177 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These results are in accordance with the results of Gerenser [18] who studied plasmatreated PE samples by XPS and reported the presence of C-O, C O and O-C O groups. Plasma treatment of PE also introduces vinyl groups on the PE surface, which was also stated by Clouet and Shi.…”

Section: Atr-ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Surface characterization of plasma‐modified polyethylene by contact angle experiments and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy

Geyter

Morent

Leys

2007

Surface & Interface Analysis

140

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Polymers such as polyethylene (PE) have a low surface free energy and therefore often require a modification of their surface properties before any use. Nonthermal plasma treatment is a convenient and environmentally friendly way to obtain these modifications by introducing new chemical groups at the surface without affecting the bulk properties. Therefore, in this article, a PE film is treated with a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operating in air at medium pressure (5.0 kPa). The surface properties of the plasma-treated PE films are characterized using contact angle measurements, surface free energy calculations and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The polymer films show a remarkable increase in surface free energy after plasma treatment. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy of the plasma-treated PE films reveals that plasma treatment introduces oxygen-containing functionalities, such as ketones, aldehydes, alcohols and carboxylic acids on the PE surface leading to the increased surface free energy. Copyright

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Section: Atr-ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Surface characterization of plasma‐modified polyethylene by contact angle experiments and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy

Geyter

Morent

Leys

2007

Surface & Interface Analysis

140

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“…Films are either difficult to grow or show weak adhesion to the surface. Typically, these problems are overcome by increasing the surface energy of the materials through introducing polar functionality by either physical (X-ray, laser, ion beam, plasma treatment, or flame treatment) [218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228] or chemical surface modification. [229][230][231][232][233][234][235] Plasma treatment using different gases produces different reactive radicals.…”

Section: Examples Of Iron Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano/Micro Patterning of Inorganic Thin Films

Koumoto¹,

Saito²,

Gao³

et al. 2008

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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The present review is focused on the site-selective deposition of inorganic thin films on self-assembled monolayer (SAM) templates. SAMs were used to modify the substrate surface with chemical functional groups. The patterned SAM substrate was prepared by exposing the SAM substrate to UV light through photomasks for photocleavage. The patterned SAM was used as the templates for deposition of ceramic thin films in aqueous solutions. The preparation and characterization methods of SAMs, and the preparation of the patterned SAM templates are explained. Solution chemistry for the deposition of ceramic oxides and the physics and chemistry of interfaces are described. Experimental examples are given to explain how these aspects influence the formation of films and their properties. Various examples of site-selective deposition of ceramic oxides on SAM templates are explained with classification into three categories: patterning by site-selective attachment of homogeneously nucleated particles, patterning by surface-selective heterogeneous nucleation and growth, and patterning by catalyst-induced heterogeneous nucleation. We also describe pattern-deposition on flexible substrates and future views to improve the pattern resolution.

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“…1,3,8 Change in hydrophilicity of polymer surfaces with time under ambient conditions, the so-called 'aging' process, is crucial for applications of polymer surfaces, and extensive research efforts have been made to understand the mechanism of the aging process in terms of surface compositional and structural changes. 1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Hydrophobic recovery of a modified, hydrophilic polymer surface upon aging originates from the intrinsic restructuring mechanism of the polymer surface to reduce the free energy of the polymer-air interface. 1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Extrinsically, ambient contaminants may also neutralize the acidic or basic polar functional groups or charged centers present at the surfaces, thereby decreasing the surface hydrophilicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Extrinsically, ambient contaminants may also neutralize the acidic or basic polar functional groups or charged centers present at the surfaces, thereby decreasing the surface hydrophilicity. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The mechanism of such hydrophilicity changes may be able to be understood through investigations with surface-sensitive analysis techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 14,[21][22][23][24][25][26] and infrared spectroscopic methods 21,[23][24][25] have often been used for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angle-resolved XPS (AR-XPS) studies of modified polymer surfaces have also been performed, which enable to examine the compositional change in the surface region within a depth of several nanometers. 15,19,25 However, the AR-XPS method may have a limited application in such measurements due to the effects of surface topography and a limited electron collection angle. 19 Hydrophilicity of a solid surface is probed most widely by measuring the contact angle of water, 21,26 and this method reflects the property of the topmost surface layer within a depth less than 1 nm, 27,28 much shallower than the probing depth of XPS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of Acetylene Plasma-Polymer Films: Recovery of Surface Hydrophobicity by Aging

Kim

Kim²,

Oh³

et al. 2009

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Aging phenomena of plasma polymer films were studied by using the surface analysis techniques of contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The polymer films were grown on an aluminum substrate by using a plasma polymerization method from a gas mixture of acetylene and helium, and the films were subsequently modified to have a hydrophilic surface by oxygen plasma treatment. Aging of the polymer films was examined by exposing the samples to water and air environments. The aging process increased the hydrophobicity of the surface, as revealed by an increase in the advancing contact angle of water. XPS analysis showed that the population of oxygen-containing polar groups increased due to the uptake of oxygen during the aging, whereas TOF-SIMS analysis revealed a decrease in the polar group population in the uppermost surface layer. The results suggest that the change in surface property from hydrophilic to hydrophobic nature results from the restructuring of polymer chains near the surface, rather than compositional change of the surface. Oxidative degradation may enhance the mobility and the restructuring process of polymer chains.

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X-Ray photoemission study of plasma modified polyethylene surfaces

Cited by 177 publications

References 12 publications

Surface characterization of plasma‐modified polyethylene by contact angle experiments and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy

Surface characterization of plasma‐modified polyethylene by contact angle experiments and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy

Nano/Micro Patterning of Inorganic Thin Films

Characterization of Acetylene Plasma-Polymer Films: Recovery of Surface Hydrophobicity by Aging

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