X‐Ray Quantum Cutting Scintillator Based on CsPbCl_xBr_3−x:Yb³⁺ Single Crystals

Abstract

Metal-halide perovskites, especially for 3D halide perovskite single crystals (SCs), are emerging as the promising scintillators. However, the strong self-absorption and low light yield of these perovskites restrict their practical applications. Quantum cutting can convert a high energy photon into multiple low energy photons, endowing a large Stokes shift and high photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY). Here, this work reports a novel quantum cutting material, CsPbCl x Br 3−x :Yb 3+ perovskite SCs, with the PLQY of 149% and a Stokes shift >550 nm, successfully conquering the issues of poor PLQY induced by the thermal quenching and the large self-absorption in perovskite SCs. Benefiting from the extremely high PLQY and negligible self-absorption effect, the first high-performance quantum cutting scintillators based on CsPbCl x Br 3−x :Yb 3+ perovskite SCs are developed, exhibiting high transmittance, large X-ray absorption/conversion efficiency, outstanding light yield of ≈1.12 × 10 5 photons MeV −1 , and a detection limit as low as 176.5 nGy air s −1 . Finally, a single-pixel X-ray imaging is achieved by integrating CsPbCl 3 :Yb 3+ SCs with silicon photomultiplier. This work sheds light on exploring highly competitive scintillators beyond the scope of traditional perovskites.

Near-infrared two-photon excited photoluminescence from Yb3+-doped CsPbClxBr3−x perovskite nanocrystals embedded into amphiphilic silica microspheres

“…S5 †. The Yb 4d peak at 190.6 eV corresponds to that reported by Ding et al 40 and Zi et al 7 The position of this peak in doped perovskites was previously reported to lie in a broad range of 191–186 eV, attributed to peculiar environment of Yb 3+ ions. 7,19,36,40–44 It is supposed that a pair of Yb 3+ ions is embedded in the perovskite lattice nearby the vacancy of the lead atom.…”

Fast solution-phase growth of centimeter-sized Cs3Cu2X5 (X = Cl, I) single crystals for high-performance scintillators

“…However, the high cost of rare earth elements may limit their commercialization. [14][15][16] To overcome these limitations, researchers have proposed the development of scintillators based on zero-dimensional (0D) or one-dimensional (1D) lead-free copper(I) halides. [17][18][19] These environmentally friendly crystals offer significant advantages, including their nonradioactive nature, better stability, low cost, and high-efficient self-trapped exciton (STE) emission with large Stokes shifts.…”

Textile Based Lead-Free Halide Perovskite CH3NH3SnI3 Ammonia Gas Sensor Working at Room Temperature

“…In the past few years, halide perovskites have appeared as excellent candidates for room temperature ammonia gas sensing, apart from their benchmark applications in photovoltaics, optoelectronics, radiation detection, etc., by tuning various parameters such as doping. − It has been established that a family of lead-based halide perovskites can act as a common platform for room temperature gas sensors for efficient ammonia detection both by visual colorimetric methods and electrical readout using paper electronics, although there is a quantitative difference in their performance considering the qualitative nature of sensing the same. Advantages of lead halide perovskite-based ammonia sensors, such as compatibility with low-power paper electronics and high detection capability down to the sub-ppm level with room temperature operation, have been reported. , …”