X-ray radiography of AISI 4340-2205 steels welded by friction welding

Abstract

In this study, X-ray radiographic tests of friction-welded AISI 4340-AISI 2205 steels were investigated. AISI 4340 tempered steel and AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel, each of 12 mm diameter, were used to fabricate the joints. The friction-welding tests were carried out using a direct-drive-type friction-welding machine for different parameters. After this process, the radiographic tests of the welded joints were examined by X-ray diffraction. The experimental results indicated that the AISI 4340 tempered steel could be joined to the AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel using the friction-welding technique and for achieving a weld with sufficient strength. The result of the radiographic tests indicated that by increasing the rotation speed, the friction pressure and the forging pressure, the amount of flash increased for all the specimens. In contrast, when increasing the friction time the amount of flash decreased. The best properties for steels AISI 4340-2205 were observed for the specimens welded at a rotation speed of 2200 min -1 , a friction pressure of 40 MPa, a forging pressure of 80 MPa, a friction time of 6 s and a forging time of 3 s.Keywords: AISI 4340, AISI 2205, friction welding, radiographic test V tej {tudiji so bili rentgensko pregledani spoji jekel AISI 4340-AISI 2205, zvarjeni s trenjem. Spoji so bili izdelani s popu{~e-nim AISI 4340 jeklom in AISI 2205 dupleks nerjavnim jeklom, vsako premera 12 mm. Preizkus varjenja s trenjem je bil izvr{en z uporabo neposredno gnanega stroja za varjenje s trenjem, pri razli~nih parametrih. Po tem postopku so bili zvarjeni spoji pregledani z rentgenom. Rezultati preizkusov so pokazali, da je z varjenjem s trenjem mogo~e spojiti AISI 4340 popu{~eno jeklo in AISI 2205 dupleks nerjavno jeklo in da je mogo~e dobiti zvar z zadostno trdnostjo. Rezultati rentgenskih preiskav so pokazali, da pri nara{~ajo~i hitrosti vrtenja, tornega tlaka in tlaka pri kovanju dele`zmeh~anega roba nara{~a pri vseh vzorcih. Nasprotno pa se pri podalj{anju~asa trenja zmanj{a koli~ina zmeh~anega roba. Najbolj{e lastnosti pri jeklih AISI 4340-2205 so bile opa`ene pri vzorcih, varjenih z rotacijo 2200 min -1 , tornim tlakom 40 MPa, kova{kim tlakom 80 MPa,~asom trenja 6 s iñ asom kovanja 3 s.

Efficiency of Dissimilar Friction Welded SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel and 1045 Medium Carbon Steel Joints

“…This result is identical to FW between SAF 2507 and mild steel obtained by Gardi [21]. Moreover, the amount of flash increased with an increase in friction pressure, the same result obtained for FW between AISI 2205 and AISI 4340 in [16].…”

“…Ajith, et al [10][11][12][13] jointed two bars of 2205 DSSs and evaluated the mechanical properties and microstructure, optimized and performed several experiment to evaluate joint characterization, while Mercan, et al [14] optimized the welding parameters that affect increasing the fatigue strength of the joint between AISI 2205 and AISI 1020 bars. Caligulu, et al [15][16][17] welded AISI 4340-2205 steels and studied the impact of rotation speed and friction time, use the X-ray radiographic tests and found the weldability. Kirik, et al [18] connected AISI 2205 to Ti6Al4V with and without nickel interlayer.…”

X-Ray Radiography of Micro-alloyed Steel Joined by Submerged Arc Welding

“…S690QL microalloyed steel was joined by using SAW process at 300, 350, 450 A welding current and 46 cm/min constant welding speeds. According to the International Institute of Welding, welding defects and the explanations of the radiographic images were defined as in Table 5 [18][19][20]. The image was assessed according to Table 5.…”

“…According to these standards, the investigated area covers the weld and heataffected zone (Figure 2). The X-ray tension chosen according to the thickness of the material was 130 kV (Figure 3) [18][19][20]. The X-ray device, Rigaku Radioflex-300EGS3 type, having the capacity of 300KV was used (Figure 4a-b).…”