X-ray studies of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

Twinned crystals. I. 10-Methyl-l,2-benzanthracene

“…Complicated diffraction patterns have been reported from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (Ito, 1950;Burkardt & Bryden, 1954), 1,3,6,8-tetranitronaphthalene (Gol'der et al, 1952 and some other crystals studied by Ito. In particular there appear to be resemblances between the patterns obtained from trinitrotoluene and th.ose studied in the present series of papers. One difference is, however, the variability of the trinitrotoluene patterns; the patterns from (I) and a-l,2:4,5-tetrachlorobenzene were always found to be the same, despite variations in experimental conditions.…”

“…One difference is, however, the variability of the trinitrotoluene patterns; the patterns from (I) and a-l,2:4,5-tetrachlorobenzene were always found to be the same, despite variations in experimental conditions. Burkardt & Bryden (1954) state that These variations are best explained by considering the crystals to be composed of twinned fragments of simple or variant forms which are nearly aligned with respect to their pseudo-orthorhombic axes. No other details were given.…”

Polymorphism, what it is and how to identify it: a systematic review

“…108 After long studies, two polymorphs are today listed, a monoclinic and an orthorhombic one. 109 TNT melts around 82 uC, and liquid TNT can be poured into containers without risk of explosion. However, pouring a melt or a solution of a compound able to crystallize in different forms can be problematic.…”

Band gaps and the possible effect on impact sensitivity for some nitro aromatic explosive materials

“…The crystal structure of TATB was determined by Cady and Larson [40], and DATB by Holden using X-ray diffraction [41]. For the crystal structure of TNT, the beta phase structure determined by Burkardt and Brydein was used [42]. The crystal structure of picric acid is from Duesler et al [43].…”