X-rays mutate human lymphoblast cells at genetic loci that should respond only to point mutagens

Liber, Howard L.; Leong, Phaik-Mooi; Terry, Valeri H.; Little, John B.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(86)90062-x

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Numerous studies describe the effects of X-ray irradiation on DNA molecules in biological conditions, particularly in medical contexts. Mutations, DNA strand breaks, chemical modifications of bases, and structural changes such as gene order rearrangements have been identified 4,[9][10][11] . Creation and diffusion of radicals during X-ray exposure have been linked to molecular structural modifications 12,13 , since X-ray photons are known to contribute to strand breaks 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of X-ray irradiation on ancient DNA in sub-fossil bones – Guidelines for safe X-ray imaging

Immel

Cabec

Bonazzi

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Sub-fossilised remains may still contain highly degraded ancient DNA (aDNA) useful for palaeogenetic investigations. Whether X-ray computed [micro-] tomography ([µ]CT) imaging of these fossils may further damage aDNA remains debated. Although the effect of X-ray on DNA in living organisms is well documented, its impact on aDNA molecules is unexplored. Here we investigate the effects of synchrotron X-ray irradiation on aDNA from Pleistocene bones. A clear correlation appears between decreasing aDNA quantities and accumulating X-ray dose-levels above 2000 Gray (Gy). We further find that strong X-ray irradiation reduces the amount of nucleotide misincorporations at the aDNA molecule ends. No representative effect can be detected for doses below 200 Gy. Dosimetry shows that conventional μ CT usually does not reach the risky dose level, while classical synchrotron imaging can degrade aDNA significantly. Optimised synchrotron protocols and simple rules introduced here are sufficient to ensure that fossils can be scanned without impairing future aDNA studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of X-ray irradiation on ancient DNA in sub-fossil bones – Guidelines for safe X-ray imaging

Immel

Cabec

Bonazzi

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…However, CT might not always leave the specimens completely undamaged. X‐rays are well known to fragment DNA molecules in living tissue by breaking the double strand and can cause base mutations (Wolff 1971; Liber et al. 1986; Grosovsky et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, CT might not always leave the specimens completely undamaged. X-rays are well known to fragment DNA molecules in living tissue by breaking the double strand and can cause base mutations (Wolff 1971;Liber et al 1986;Grosovsky et al 1988). Aside from morphological studies, museum collections are also an important source of genetic material pivotal for molecular phylogenetic, populational and ecological studies (see Paine and Sorenson 2002;Tautz et al 2003;To¨pfer et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-CT X-rays do not fragment DNA in preserved bird skins

Paredes

Prŷs-Jones

Adams

et al. 2012

Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research

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Most zoological systematics studies are currently based on morphological features, molecular traits or a combination of both to reconstruct animals’ phylogenetic history. Increasingly, morphological studies of museum specimens are using X‐ray computed tomography to visualize internal morphology, because of its ‘non‐destructive’ nature. However, it is not known whether CT can fragment the size of DNA extracted from museum specimens, as has been demonstrated to occur in living cells. This question is of paramount importance for collections based research because X‐rays may reduce the amount of data obtainable from specimens. In our study, we tested whether exposure of museum bird skins to typical CT X‐ray energies (for visualization of the skeleton) increased DNA strand fragmentation, a key factor for the success of downstream molecular applications. For the present study, we extracted DNA from shavings of 24 prepared and dried bird skins (100+ years) footpads before and after CT scanning. The pre‐ and post‐CT fragmentation profiles were assessed using a capillary electrophoresis high‐precision instrument (Agilent Bioanalyzer). Comparison of the most common strand length in each DNA sample (relative mass) revealed no significant difference unexposed and exposed tissue (paired t‐test p = 0.463). In conclusion, we found no further quantifiable degradation of DNA strand length under standard X‐ray exposure obtained from our bird skins sample. Differences in museum preservation techniques probably had a greater effect on variation of pre‐CT DNA fragmentation.

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“…Liber et al (1986) have reported X-irradiation to induce mutations at two other essential, presumed 'point-mutation', loci. There has been one unconfirmed report of activation of a ras proto-oncogene by a radiation-induced single base alternation (G to A) (Guerrero et al, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%