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Prados-Ligero, A.M.; Melero‐Vara, J. M.; Corpas-Hervias, Consolación; Basallote-Ureba, M. José

doi:10.1023/a:1023519029605

Cited by 31 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As stated earlier, environmental conditions, particularly temperature and moisture, are critical factors influencing the germination of conidia and subsequent disease development [ 12 ]. This requirement is not unique to S. botryosum in lentil; specific moisture conditions are similarly necessary for the onset of stemphylium leaf spot in alfalfa [ 25 ] and onion [ 26 , 27 ], demonstrating the broad relevance of moisture in the disease cycle of the pathogen. Optimal conditions for disease proliferation have been identified as average day temperatures of 18–20 °C, high morning RH exceeding 85%, consistent rainfall, and the persistence of a thin moisture layer on leaf surfaces for over 48 h [ 7 , 12 , 18 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of inoculum production of Stemphylium botryosum for large-scale resistance screening of lentils

González,

Barilli,

Rispail

et al. 2024

Plant Methods

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Background Stemphylium blight incited by Stemphylium botryosum poses a significant threat to lentil crops worldwide, inducing severe defoliation and causing substantial yield losses in susceptible varieties under favorable conditions. While some moderate levels of resistance have been identified within lentil germplasm, a low number of resistant cultivars are available to farmers. Adding to the common constraints of resistance breeding, a notable challenge is generating a sufficient number of spores for large-scale screenings, which are essential for pinpointing additional sources of resistance for integration into breeding programs. Therefore, there is a pressing need to improve existing screening methods and tailor them for large-scale material selection. In pursuit of this objective, a protocol for the efficient production of fungal material has been adapted. Results Optimization of fungal material production was successfully achieved by comparing the use of fungal mycelia and spores. Spore production was found to be optimal when produced on solid V8-PDA(hi) medium, while liquid Richard’s medium was identified as superior for mycelium yield. Furthermore, a refined screening method was developed by evaluating the resistance of six lentil accessions to stemphylium blight. This assessment included the use of either fungal mycelia (at densities ranging from 1 to 5 g L− 1) or spores (with densities ranging from 5 × 104 to 2 × 105 conidia mL− 1) under three different relative humidity levels (from 50 to 100%). Both humidity levels and inoculum dose significantly influenced the final disease rating (DR) and the relative Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (rAUDPC). Differences among genotypes in final symptom severity (DR) became more pronounced after inoculation with inoculum densities of 5 g L− 1 of mycelium or of 105 and 2 × 105 conidia mL− 1 of spore under 100% relative humidity. Given the challenges associated with the large-scale production of S. botryosum spores, inoculations with 5 g L− 1 of mycelium is highly recommended as a practical alternative for conducting mass-scale screenings. Conclusions The findings from this study underscore the critical importance of maintaining high level of humidity during inoculation and disease progression development for accurately assessing resistance to stemphylium blight. The optimization of mycelial production for suspension inoculation emerges as a more reliable and efficient approach for conducting large-scale screening to assess germplasm resistance against stemphylium blight in lentil crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of inoculum production of Stemphylium botryosum for large-scale resistance screening of lentils

González,

Barilli,

Rispail

et al. 2024

Plant Methods

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“…Similarly, severity of purple blotch of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) caused by S. vesicarium was positively correlated with rainfall (Falloon et al 1987). Longer periods of leaf wetness, rainfall, and relative humidity increased the number of lesions caused by S. vesicarium on garlic (Allium sativum) (Basallote- Ureba et al 1999;Pragdos-Ligero et al 2003). Mou et al (2008) speculated that variations in the incidence and severity of Stemphylium leaf spot of spinach caused by S. botryosum (S. beticola) during two trials used to screen cultivars and PIs for resistance were associated with variability in humidity in dew chambers used in that study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Spinach Cultivars for Resistance to Stemphylium Leaf Spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) and White Rust (Albugo occidentalis)

Spawton,

Stein,

du Toit

2024

horts

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Stemphylium leaf spot, caused by Stemphylium vesicarium, and white rust, caused by Albugo occidentalis, can cause significant losses in spinach production. Management of these foliar diseases of spinach has become increasingly challenging with the development of fungicide resistance in some pathogen populations, high planting density and overhead irrigation used for baby leaf spinach production, and the fact that >60% of fresh market spinach production in the United States is certified organic. To identify spinach cultivars with resistance to Stemphylium leaf spot and white rust, a field trial was performed near Crystal City, TX, USA, in 2021 (79 cultivars), 2022 (87 cultivars), and 2023 (63 cultivars). Each year, the plants were inoculated with S. vesicarium and rated for disease severity. Plants were also rated for white rust severity that resulted from natural infection during the 2021 and the 2022 trials. During each trial, 11% to 27% of the cultivars were identified as resistant to Stemphylium leaf spot, and another 29% to 48% had moderately resistant reactions. In contrast, only 5 of 79 cultivars (6%) in the 2021 trial did not develop symptoms of white rust, and all 87 cultivars evaluated in the 2022 trial had symptoms of white rust. Although there was no significant correlation between mean Stemphylium leaf spot ratings and mean white rust ratings during these trials, the cultivars Colusa, Kodiak, PV-1569, and PV-1664 displayed resistant or moderately resistant responses to both diseases in at least two trials. Therefore, processing and fresh market spinach growers have resistant cultivars from which to select to reduce the economic impacts of Stemphylium leaf spot and white rust.

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“…Studying the dynamics of spore release of phytopathogenic fungi using spore trapping devices to monitor plant diseases is a fairly popular direction [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. At the same time, the development of sampling technologies is aimed at improving the capture efficiency at relatively high speeds of collecting air volume, simplifying sample processing (since the main method is the subsequent analysis of the obtained particles using a microscope), installing air samplers on mobile platforms, such as UAVs for automation and achievement of efficiency of sampling [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spore-Trapping Device: An Efficient Tool to Manage Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat Crops

Kremneva

Danilov

Gasiyan

et al. 2023

Plants

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Leaf airborne diseases cause major shortfalls in agricultural crops. The introduction of technical means can significantly improve early-warning systems for plant diseases as well as provide timely and accurate forecasts. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the possibilities of detecting a phytopathogenic infection using a spore-catching device developed at the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection (FRCBPP) on winter wheat varieties of different levels of susceptibility to major economically important leaf diseases, taking into account climatic conditions. The device captures spores in the surface layer of air among crop plants. We conducted research in the experimental fields of FRCBPP in 2019–2021. The objects of the study were four cultivars of winter wheat. They were selected according to the degree of resistance to various leaf diseases. We studied the progress of wheat diseases according to generally accepted international scales the onset of the first manifestations to their maximum development. We studied the aerogenic infection in wheat crops using the FRCBPP developed portable device for determining the infestation of plants. Sampling was carried out in the same period as the visual assessment. The samples were taken in the crops of each variety at five points. The sampling time was one minute. As a result of research on experimental crops of four varieties of winter wheat, we observed the development of such diseases as powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), septoria leaf spot (Septoria tritici), yellow (Puccinia striiformis) and brown rust (Puccinia triticina). In a laboratory study of samples under a light microscope, all of the listed pathogens were found except for septoria leaf spot. Two-way analysis of variance confirmed the statistically significant separate and cumulative influence of the cultivar and year factor on winter wheat diseases. A generalized correlation analysis for three growing seasons (2019–2021) showed that an average statistically significant correlation coefficient (0.5–0.6) remains for the total groups for powdery mildew, yellow and brown rust. This indicator for the causative agent of yellow spot was equal to 0.4 with a high level of statistical significance. Thus, we conclude that by using a spore-catching device, it is possible to identify spores of economically significant pathogens in winter wheat crops and predict the further development of pathogens, taking into account the cultivar and annual climate factors.

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Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Optimization of inoculum production of Stemphylium botryosum for large-scale resistance screening of lentils

Optimization of inoculum production of Stemphylium botryosum for large-scale resistance screening of lentils

Evaluation of Spinach Cultivars for Resistance to Stemphylium Leaf Spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) and White Rust (Albugo occidentalis)

Spore-Trapping Device: An Efficient Tool to Manage Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat Crops

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