XAANTAL2 (AGL14) Is an Important Component of the Complex Gene Regulatory Network that Underlies Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem Transitions

Pérez-Ruíz, Rigoberto V.; García‐Ponce, Berenice; Marsch-Martínez, Nayelli; Ugartechea-Chirino, Yamel; Villajuana-Bonequi, Mitzi; Folter, Stefan de; Azpeitia, Eugenio; Dávila-Velderrain, José; Cruz-Sánchez, David; Garay‐Arroyo, Adriana; Sánchez, María de la Paz; Estévez-Palmas, Juan M.; Álvarez-Buylla, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.molp.2015.01.017

Cited by 61 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…XAL1 and XAL2 participate in root development as well as in flowering transition (Tapia-L opez et al, 2008;Garay-Arroyo et al, 2013;P erez-Ruiz et al, 2015;Garc ıa-Cruz et al, 2016). The elucidation of the regulatory interactions of XAL1 and XAL2 with other molecular regulators may eventually allow us to potentially postulate systemic explanations regarding how the specificity of these MADS-box TFs in each context (i.e.…”

Section: Magnaporthe Oryzaementioning

confidence: 99%

MADS‐box genes underground becoming mainstream: plant root developmental mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Summary Plant growth is largely post‐embryonic and depends on meristems that are active throughout the lifespan of an individual. Developmental patterns rely on the coordinated spatio‐temporal expression of different genes, and the activity of transcription factors is particularly important during most morphogenetic processes. MADS‐box genes constitute a transcription factor family in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis, their proteins participate in all major aspects of shoot development, but their role in root development is still not well characterized. In this review we synthetize current knowledge pertaining to the function of MADS‐box genes highly expressed in roots: XAL1, XAL2, ANR1 and AGL21, as well as available data for other MADS‐box genes expressed in this organ. The role of Trithorax group and Polycomb group complexes on MADS‐box genes’ epigenetic regulation is also discussed. We argue that understanding the role of MADS‐box genes in root development of species with contrasting architectures is still a challenge. Finally, we propose that MADS‐box genes are key components of the gene regulatory networks that underlie various gene expression patterns, each one associated with the distinct developmental fates observed in the root. In the case of XAL1 and XAL2, their role within these networks could be mediated by regulatory feedbacks with auxin.

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Section: Magnaporthe Oryzaementioning

confidence: 99%

MADS‐box genes underground becoming mainstream: plant root developmental mechanisms

et al. 2019

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“…We amplified PDF2 (AT1G13320) and UPL7 (AT1G13320) as housekeeping control genes (Czechowski et al, 2005), and their stability across the compared samples was confirmed using NormFinder (http://moma.dk/normfinder-software; Vandesompele et al, 2002). Amplification efficiencies were analysed using real-time PCR Miner (Zhao and Fernald, 2005), and relative expression was calculated as in Perez-Ruiz et al (2015). Primer sequences are included in Supplementary Data Table S1.…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Rt-qpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MADS-boxXAANTAL1increases proliferation at the Arabidopsis root stem-cell niche and participates in transition to differentiation by regulating cell-cycle components

García-Cruz

García‐Ponce

Garay‐Arroyo

et al. 2016

Ann Bot

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Background Morphogenesis depends on the concerted modulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Such modulation is dynamically adjusted in response to various external and internal signals via complex transcriptional regulatory networks that mediate between such signals and regulation of cell-cycle and cellular responses (proliferation, growth, differentiation). In plants, which are sessile, the proliferation/differentiation balance is plastically adjusted during their life cycle and transcriptional networks are important in this process. MADS-box genes are key developmental regulators in eukaryotes, but their role in cell proliferation and differentiation modulation in plants remains poorly studied.Methods We characterize the XAL1 loss-of-function xal1-2 allele and overexpression lines using quantitative cellular and cytometry analyses to explore its role in cell cycle, proliferation, stem-cell patterning and transition to differentiation. We used quantitative PCR and cellular markers to explore if XAL1 regulates cell-cycle components and PLETHORA1 (PLT1) gene expression, as well as confocal microscopy to analyse stem-cell niche organization.Key Results We previously showed that XAANTAL1 (XAL1/AGL12) is necessary for Arabidopsis root development as a promoter of cell proliferation in the root apical meristem. Here, we demonstrate that XAL1 positively regulates the expression of PLT1 and important components of the cell cycle: CYCD3;1, CYCA2;3, CYCB1;1, CDKB1;1 and CDT1a. In addition, we show that xal1-2 mutant plants have a premature transition to differentiation with root hairs appearing closer to the root tip, while endoreplication in these plants is partially compromised. Coincidently, the final size of cortex cells in the mutant is shorter than wild-type cells. Finally, XAL1 overexpression-lines corroborate that this transcription factor is able to promote cell proliferation at the stem-cell niche.Conclusion XAL1 seems to be an important component of the networks that modulate cell proliferation/differentiation transition and stem-cell proliferation during Arabidopsis root development; it also regulates several cell-cycle components.

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“…Sixteen additional flowering-time genes were then expressed in our experimental set-up, and hence may be regulated by plant age or growing conditions (Supplemental Table 3). Among them, we found the floral integrator SOC1 and two flowering-time genes involved in the control of meristem determinacy: TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), a gene of the same family as FT but repressing floral transition in the shoot apical meristem (Kobayashi et al, 1999) and XAANTAL2 (XAL2, also named AGL14), a gene involved in shoot and root development (Garay-Arroyo et al, 2013; Pérez-Ruiz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating roots into a whole plant network of flowering time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

Bouché

D’Aloia

Tocquin

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Molecular data concerning the involvement of roots in the genetic pathways regulating floral transition are lacking. In this study, we performed global analyses of the root transcriptome in Arabidopsis in order to identify flowering time genes that are expressed in the roots and genes that are differentially expressed in the roots during the induction of flowering. Data mining of public microarray experiments uncovered that about 200 genes whose mutations are reported to alter flowering time are expressed in the roots (i.e. were detected in more than 50% of the microarrays). However, only a few flowering integrator genes passed the analysis cutoff. Comparison of root transcriptome in short days and during synchronized induction of flowering by a single 22-h long day revealed that 595 genes were differentially expressed. Enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes in root tissues, gene ontology categories, and cis-regulatory elements converged towards sugar signaling. We concluded that roots are integrated in systemic signaling, whereby carbon supply coordinates growth at the whole plant level during the induction of flowering. This coordination could involve the root circadian clock and cytokinin biosynthesis as a feed forward loop towards the shoot.Flowering is a crucial step in plant development that must be precisely timed to occur when external conditions are favourable for successful reproduction. Floral induction is therefore controlled by environmental and endogenous cues, whose inputs are integrated into finely-tuned regulatory gene networks. In Arabidopsis thaliana, genetic analyses unveiled several flowering pathways that mediate response to photoperiod, temperature, sugars, hormones, and plant aging 1 . These pathways are not restricted to the shoot apical meristem where flowers are initiated, but also involve the leaves supporting the fact that flowering is a systemic process, as shown previously at the physiological level. The clearest genetic evidence supporting this idea came from the photoperiodic pathway, in which a key component, the transcription factor CONSTANS (CO), is expressed rhythmically but is degraded in the dark 2 . Light must therefore coincide with CO synthesis to stabilize the protein and enable activation of its targets. This occurs during long days in the companion cells of phloem, where CO activates FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). The FT protein then moves systemically and interacts with the transcription factor FD via 14-3-3 proteins in the shoot apical meristem. This complex activates genes that are responsible for the conversion of the vegetative shoot apical meristem into an inflorescence meristem and for the promotion of floral fate in lateral primordia.The prominent role of the FT protein in the systemic signaling of flowering leads to questions concerning the role of side molecules that are co-transported from leaf sources in the phloem and the pleiotropic effects of these signals in different sinks. Sugar loading is the first step of mass-flow movement in phloem, hence...

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XAANTAL2 (AGL14) Is an Important Component of the Complex Gene Regulatory Network that Underlies Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem Transitions

Cited by 61 publications

References 117 publications

MADS‐box genes underground becoming mainstream: plant root developmental mechanisms

MADS‐box genes underground becoming mainstream: plant root developmental mechanisms

The MADS-boxXAANTAL1increases proliferation at the Arabidopsis root stem-cell niche and participates in transition to differentiation by regulating cell-cycle components

Integrating roots into a whole plant network of flowering time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

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